Recent findings show that people with dyslexia have an impairment in serial-order memory. Based on these findings, the present study aimed to test the hypothesis that people with dyslexia have difficulties dealing with proactive interference (PI) in recognition memory. A group of 25 adults with dyslexia and a group of matched controls were subjected to a 2-back recognition task, which required ...

The human memory system is remarkable in its capacity to focus its search on items learned in a given context. This capacity can be so precise that many leading models of human memory assume that only those items learned in the context of a recently studied list compete for recall. We sought to extend the explanatory scope of these models to include not only intralist phenomena, such as primacy...

A four-list version of a release from proactive interference paradigm was used to assess the degree to which older and younger adults tested at optimal and nonoptimal times of day are vulnerable to interference effects in memory, effects that may increase at nonoptimal times. Morning type older adults and Evening type younger adults were tested either early in the morning or late in the afterno...

Previous studies investigating the processes which underlie memory consolidation focused almost exclusively on isolated learning events. Here I studied the competition of two similar memory traces for consolidation non-conditioned recognition memory in adult male C57BL/6JOlaHsd mice using the olfactory cues based social discrimination procedure. My results show that the interference phenomena t...

Professors from the University of California at Berkeley were administered a 90-min test battery of cognitive performance that included measures of reaction time, pairedassociate learning, working memory, and prose recall Age effects among the professors were observed on tests of reaction time, paired-associate memory, and some aspects of working memory Age effects were not observed on measures...

Most of our everyday decisions rely crucially on context: foraging for food in the fridge may be appropriate at home, but not at someone else’s house. Yet the mechanism by which context modulates how we respond to stimuli remains a topic of intense investigation. In order to isolate such decisions experimentally, investigators have employed simple context-based decision-making tasks like the AX...

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is hypothesized to play a central role in the rapid stopping of movement in reaction to a stop signal. Single-unit recording evidence for such a role is sparse, however, and it remains uncertain how that role relates to the disparate functions described for anatomic subdivisions of the STN. Here we address that gap in knowledge using non-human primates and a task t...

Regarding the complexity of social systems and the presence of autonomousintervenes, designing and making the future requires a special strategy, which can harmonize these elements with itself. This can be possible by future depicting, which makes an insight into the desired fUture, and presents a real perspective of it; and/or it promotes a planned perception of the desired status to impose a...