BACKGROUND Assessment of primitive reflexes is one of the earliest, simplest, and most frequently used assessment tools among health care providers for newborns and young infants. However, very few data exist for high-risk infants in this topic. Among the various primitive reflexes, this study was undertaken particularly to describe the sucking, Babinski and Moro reflexes in high-risk newborns ...

Two lineages of endoderm develop during mammalian embryogenesis, the primitive endoderm in the pre-implantation blastocyst and the definitive endoderm at gastrulation. This complexity of endoderm cell populations is mirrored during pluripotent cell differentiation in vitro and has hindered the identification and purification of the definitive endoderm for use as a substrate for further differen...

Large-scale protein interaction maps are, with gene expression profiles, among the first examples of data sets generated without specific knowledge on functions of genes. These are technology-driven experiments rather than hypothesis-driven experiments. They are valuable tools for protein function prediction, despite the occurrence of typical artifacts. These approaches are still in their early...

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PENETs) is an uncommon malignancy of bone and soft tissue witch rarely occurs in the kidney. In more than 90% of the cases, the tumor cells relieves a balanced translocation (11; 22) (q24; q12). Immunohistochemical staining may be required for diagnosis of PENET. The cells of tumor express CD99, vimentin, NSE, FL1 but do not express Ck, LCA, myogenin, and WT1. W...

The primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) belongs to a group of highly malignant tumors and is composed of small round cells of a neuroectodermal origin. Categorized in the same tumor family as Ewing sarcoma, the PNET is most likely to occur in bones and soft tissues. However, a small number of PNET cases arising in the pelvis have been reported as well. We present three cases of pelvic PNET: ...

Cryptographic primitive research comprises much of the body of modern cryptographic research. This kind of research aims to produce useful primitives – building blocks with which we can design systems to enforce complex and subtle security requirements. Cryptographic primitive research often involves noticing a new problem that needs a simple solution, or a different way of setting up a problem...

With new emerging and re emerging diseases a proper public health care system has been mandatory in developing and developed countries.The outbreak of disease also occurs in the form of Bioterrorism, a word that has become significant in recent years.It implies the need of predictive tools for the risk assessment and formulation of health policies.The multiagent based system has become popular ...

Primitive  neuroectodermal  tumor  (PNET)  of  kidney  is  an  extremely  rare  renal  neoplasm  with only about fifty reported cases in literature.  Presumably,of neural crest origin, these tumors behave  aggressively  and  carry  a  poor prognosis.  We  report  a  case  of  22-year  old  female  patient complaining of left loin pain with recurrent hematuria for last 3 months. On clinical ex...