This article discusses medico-legal aspects in anesthesia. It underlines the standards of care by which anesthesiologists should abide by, as well as define malpractice, its causes, and ways to avoid it. The role of the expert witness is explained and the ethical guidelines to follow are outlined.

I propose a theory of the passive that combines aspects of the principles and parameters analysis (no specific rules, no downward movement) and Chomsky’s (1957) Syntactic Structures analysis (the arguments in the passive are generated in the same positions as they are in the active).

A large number of molecular mechanisms exist to ensure the continued function of perturbed cells. Here we explore a range of mechanisms of molecular robustness. A theory of robustness is proposed in which mechanisms are classified into those that purge damage, and those that buffer damage. The strategy upon which a system settles, is a function of the cost of purgation, and thereby a function o...

Directive 2008/98/EC released by the European Union represents a significant step forward in all relevant aspects of waste management. Under the already established, extended produced responsibility (EPR) principle, new policies have been enunciated to continuously achieve better overall environmental performance of key products throughout their life phases. This paper discusses how the directi...

? This article aims to analyse the importance of the Wikipedia articles in different languages (English, French, Russian, Polish) and the impact of the importance on the quality of articles. Based on the analysis of literature and our own experience we collected measures related to articles, specifying various aspects of quality that will be used to build the models of articles importance. For ...

In this paper we introduce the notion of classical quasi-primary submodules that generalizes the concept of classical primary submodules. Then, we investigate decomposition and minimal decomposition into classical quasi-primary submodules. In particular, existence and uniqueness of classical quasi-primary decompositions in finitely generated modules over Noetherian rings are proved. More...

Key concepts in enterprise architecture include concerns, principles, models, views and frameworks. While most of these concepts have received ample attention in research, the concept of principles has not been studied much yet. In this paper, we therefore specifically focus on the role of principles in the field of enterprise architecture, where we position enterprise architecture as a means t...

There are a number of requirements by which animals should be managed so that the best performance is achieved in a way acceptable to those responsible for the care of the animals and to the community generally. These requirements are the keys to good management and may be used to test the management of a poultry enterprise in relation to the standard of its management. These requirements are a...

Invariance principles (or functional central limit theorems) play an important role in econometrics and statistics. For example, to obtain asymptotic distributions of unit-root test statistics, researchers have applied invariance principles of various forms; see Phillips (1987), Sowell (1990) and Wu (2006) among others. The primary goal of the paper is to establish invariance principles for a c...