Many stock exchanges set up certain limits on the maximum variation that a stock is allowed to have in a single day. Table 1 gives an overview of the price limit rules of some of the world exchanges. As reflected in the table, among stock exchanges in 41 countries that we obtain information, 23 of them have price limits and 7 of them have some kinds of circuit breaker rules. The normal assertio...

Public utility regulation arose naturally in the nineteenth century for gas, water, rail, telegraph, and later, electricity and telephony because these utilities require a fixed network to deliver their services. These networks need access to rights of way which requires community or government approval, while the network is a natural monopoly that precludes efficient competition and confers po...

Though haggling has been the conventional way for auto retailers to sell their cars, the last two decades have witnessed the systematic adoption of no-haggle prices by many large dealerships, including the largest used car dealership, Carmax. This paper develops a structural empirical model to estimate dealers’ profits under posted price and haggling and investigate the conditions leading to th...

In order to investigate the origin of large price fluctuations, we analyze stock price changes of ten frequently traded NASDAQ stocks in the year 2002. Though the influence of the trading frequency on the aggregate return in a certain time interval is important, it cannot alone explain the heavy-tailed distribution of stock price changes. For this reason, we analyze intervals with a fixed numbe...

This research was motivated by the high interest of investors in PT BTPN Syariah Tbk shares which caused value stock price to increase progressively even though it hit economic crisis due COVID-19 pandemic. study aims analyze and find out how much influence return on equity (ROE) assets (ROA) have Indonesian Islamic capital market. The method used is descriptive verification with a quantitative...

Oil price fluctuations affect equity values in North American, European, and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) stock markets, as evidenced by prior studies. However, they only focus on market-wide level analysis. This study, through both market level and sector level analyses, examines the sensitivity of Malaysian stock returns to oil price fluctuations over the period from January 2000 to March 2...

This paper studies the price of S&P 500 index options by using Heston's (1993) stochastic volatility option pricing model. The Heston model is calibrated by a two-step estimation procedure to incorporate both the information from time-series asset returns and the information from cross-sectional option data. In the first step, the recently developed, simulation-based “indirect inference method”...

This paper examines three channel policies that are used in declining price environments: Price protection (P) is a mechanism under which the manufacturer pays the retailer a credit applying to the retailer’s unsold inventory when the wholesale price drops during the life cycle; midlife returns (M) allow the retailer to return units partway through the life cycle at some rebate; and end-of-life...

We propose an unconditional non-parametric approach to the simultaneous estimation of volatility and expected return. By means of a detailed analysis of the returns of the Standard & Poors 500 (S&P 500) composite stock index over the last fifty years we show how theoretical results and methodological recommendations from the statistical theory of non-parametric curve inference allow one to cons...