this paper employs a multivariate dynamic conditional correlation garch model, which is developed by engle (2001, 2002), to detect the timing and nature of changes in the comovement between iranian output and prices for the periods after iran–iraq war , known as imposed war . the results showed that there is a weak correlation between output and prices after imposed war and  varies periodically...

This paper investigates optimal pricing policies for a service facility modeled as a queueing system. Arriving customers are accepted if they are willing to pay the price charged by the service provider and if there is room in the waiting area. Capacity of the waiting area can be either finite or infinite. We determine expressions for the optimal prices that maximize the service provider’s long...

On efficiency grounds, the economics community has to date tended to emphasize price-based policies to address climate change—such as taxes or a “safety-valve” price ceiling for cap-and-trade— while environmental advocates have sought a more clear quantitative limit on emissions. This paper presents a simple modification to the idea of a safety valve: a quantitative limit that we call the allow...

BACKGROUND Targeted food pricing policies may improve population diets. To assess their effects on inequalities, it is important to determine responsiveness to price changes across income levels and ethnic groups. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to estimate price elasticity (PE) values for major commonly consumed food groups in New Zealand, by income and ethnicity. PE values represent percentage chang...

OBJECTIVE To systematically review the available evidence on whether national or international agricultural policies that directly affect the price of food influence the prevalence rates of undernutrition or nutrition-related chronic disease in children and adults. DESIGN Systematic review. SETTING Global. SEARCH STRATEGY We systematically searched five databases for published literature ...

implementation of effective input policies and technology consistent with production structure contributes to the economic use of the production. understanding the price elasticity of input and relationship between inputs in the agricultural sector is helpful in choosing appropriate input policy. in this study we examine the production structure of pistachio in damghan. to achieve the goal, tra...