a model of the iranian wheat market is specified and fitted to data from 1981-2008. severaldiagnostic tests were employed in the analysis to determine the specification of the model. despitethe simplicity of the model and data problems, an examination of the econometric model leads toseveral conclusions with possible important policy implications for the wheat economy in iran.the general result...

Recent empirical evidence shows the Law of One Price does not exist in online environment despite the unprecedented amount of price transparency. The failure of Law of One Price has been attributed to search costs, brand loyalty and other kinds of “market frictions” that enable retailers to keep some of their customers even if they don’t charge the lowest price in the market. While the presence...

U a consignment contract with revenue sharing, a supplier decides on the retail price and delivery quantity for his product, and retains ownership of the goods; for each item sold, the retailer deducts a percentage from the selling price and remits the balance to the supplier. In this paper we show that, under such a contract, both the overall channel performance and the performance of individu...

We analyze the welfare impacts of price discrimination in a two-dimensional spatial differentiation model. Consumer information of varying qualities is available on one dimension which allows firms to price discriminate, and better information leads to more refined price discrimination. We find that as information quality improves, firms’ profits monotonically increase while consumer surplus an...

production subsidies, as a part of the strategy of economic growth of the agricultural sector, are of great importance around the world. subsidizing production inputs, particularly energy input, is another way of directing subsidy to the agricultural sector. in this research, production function of the agricultural sector was estimated using econometric methods and time series data. after calcu...

Background and Objectives: Pharmaceutical expenditures are responsible for a major part of health systems’ cost. According to the WHO’s statistics, Iran is the first among the 20 countries in the world in terms of drug consumption. The first step in controlling consumption of a particular good is to identify factor inducing the relevant demands. Hence, this study aimed to identify the pattern a...

Abstract: On December 2010, the government of Iran ended the decades-long subsidy program for bread and energy products and launched the Targeted Subsidy Reform program that considerably raised prices of food products. The objective of the study was to measure welfare impacts of food price changes on Iranian urban households between two survey data of 2009/10 and 2011/12 which were taken from I...

Price promotions are used extensively in marketing for one simple reason—consumers respond. The sales increase for a brand on promotion could be due to consumers accelerating their purchases (i.e., buying earlier than usual and/or buying more than usual) and/or consumers switching their choice from other brands. Purchase acceleration and brand switching relate to the primary demand and secondar...

This paper explores the effects of trip purpose on price elasticity of bus mode. Data for the research was collected through passenger field survey in Isfahan, Iran. Due to the nature of the data, nonlinear regression and nonparametric statistics tools were used for analysis. It was found that the logarithmic function best explains the relationship between percentage of change in demand and per...