the aim of the present study was to investigate whether and by which mechanism; histamine can induce state-dependent retrieval of passive avoidance task. the pre-training or pre-test intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of histamine (20µg/mouse) impaired retrieval, when it was tested 24 h later. in the animals, which retrieval was impaired due to histamine pre-training administration, pre...

objective: the influence of cholinergic drugs on lithium-induced statedependent learning has been investigated in adult male mice. method: a single-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance task was selected. the drugs used in the study were lithium chloride physostigmine , nicotine hydrogen tartrate and scopolamine hydrobromide, atropine sulphate. the drugs were administrated through the peritoneal...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of airflow that interferes with normal breathing, which progressive and not fully reversible. COPD includes bronchitis emphysema. Symptoms are well explained in Ayurveda the context Kasa Swasa among can be better correlated to Vataja Kaphaja kasa emphysema Tamaka swasa. mucous hyper secretion, ai...