Power systems should have acceptable reliability in order to operate properly. Highly available and dependable protective relays help to obtain the desirable reliability. The relays should be periodically evaluated during specific intervals to achieve the mentioned characteristics. The Routine Test Interval (RTI) should be optimized in order to economically maximize the reliability of the prote...

40. D. Morais, J. Rolim, and Z. Vale, DITRANS – A multi-agent system for integrated diagnosis of power transformers, Proc. of POWERTECH 2007, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2007. 41. R. Giovanini, K. Hopkinson, D. Coury, and J. Thorp, A primary and backup cooperative protection system based on wide area agents, IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 21 (3): 1222– 1230, 2006. 42. J. Solanki, S. Khushalani, and N. ...

This paper presents big-M (penalty) method for optimum time coordination of overcurrent (OC) relays. The method is based on the simplex algorithm which is used to find optimum solution of linear programming problem (LPP). The method introduces artificial variables in the objective function to get an initial basic feasible solution (IBFS). Artificial variables are removed using iterative process...

Distributed generation (DG) has been widely used in distribution network to reduce the energy losses, improve voltage profile and system reliability, etc.  The location and capacity of DG units can influence on probability of protection mal-operation in distribution networks. In this paper, a novel model for DG planning is proposed to find the optimum DG location and sizing in radial distr...

in this paper, the influence of the constituent volume fractions by changing the values of the power-law exponent with uniform pressure on the vibration frequencies of reinforced functionally graded cylindrical shells is studied. the fgm shell with ring is developed in accordance to the volume fraction law from two constituents namely stainless steel and nickel. these constituents are graded th...

Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) is the main component for Maritime Security and Defence. Because of that, TNI AL needs Indonesian Warship (KRI) to covered Maritime area. The main requirement from KRI is fulfilled by demand. To pock of fuel demand from KRI at Naval Base, it needs a new pipeline of fuel distribution network system. The pipeline network system used for maximum lifetime must be protected ...

Abstract: Nowadays, the use of distributed generation (DG) has increased because of benefits such as increased reliability, reduced losses, improvement in the line capacity, and less environmental pollution. The protection of microgrids, which consist of generation sources, is one of the most crucial concerns of basic distribution operators. One of the key issues in this field is the protection...