Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are used widely in mainframe analyzers for clinical chemistry, but there is also an increasing interest the development of paper-based devices, wearable and implantable sensors, other miniaturized ISEs. This trend spurring much research developing solid contact materials that enable miniaturization. The suitable polymeric matrixes such sensors has only received l...

in this work, all-solid-state potentiometric pvc membrane sensor was introduced for fast andsimple monitoring of mercury ions in waste water samples. the all solid sate electrode is made based on aconductive composite of graphite, reduced graphene oxide, epoxy resin on a copper wire. a thin layer pvcmembrane is then coated on the surface of the new conducting transducer. pvc membrane is compose...

These sensors employ redox reactions to quantify the amount of an analyte. The current flowing through the system or the potential difference between the electrodes as a result of the oxidation and reduction reactions involving the analyte are used for its quantification in the sample. The electrochemical sensors do not suffer from the drawbacks of optical sensors. They have more stable output,...

Potentiometric membrane electrodes that respond to heparin and other polyanions were introduced in the early 1990s. Herein, the mechanism of polymer membrane electrode type heparin sensors is revisited. The extraction/diffusion of heparin is studied via both potentiometric and impedance spectroscopic techniques using a pre-fractionated heparin preparation that contains polyanionic species > 100...