An inch or less. That is the short distance an ocular drug must travel to reach a target site at the back of the eye. Research has traveled a long way over the past 4 decades in efforts to make this inch-long journey more successful. Delivering ocular drugs to their target tissues often requires them to traverse the fatwater-fat structure of the corneal barrier, while ensuring minimum wastage t...

Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is integral to the management of late complications in diabetic retinopathy. As a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic eye disease has developed, so the role of PPV has evolved. This article reviews the current indications for PPV in diabetes (vitreous haemorrhage, tractional retinal detachment and combined rhegmatogenous and tractional retinal de...

One inch or less. That is the short distance an ocular drug must travel to reach a target site at the back of the eye. Research has come a long way over the past 4 decades in efforts to make this inch-long journey more successful. Delivering ocular drugs to their target tissues often requires them to traverse the fat-water-fat structure of the corneal barrier while ensuring minimum wastage thro...

In recent years, significant advances have been made in optimizing the delivery of drugs to target tissues within the eye and in maintaining effective drug doses within those tissues. Most pharmacologic management of ocular disease, however, continues to use the topical application of solutions to the surface of the eye as drops. Factors that can limit the usefulness of topical drug application...

PURPOSE To introduce a commercially available three-dimensional ultrasonography unit into everyday clinical practice and to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative information of the acquired images and to clarify the indications for 3-D echography. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3-D scanning was performed on 59 referred patients with indications for conventional B/A-scan. On 7 patients with an intr...

Airbags indeed reduce the risk of injury and death in motor vehicle accidents, however, ocular injury induced by airbag deployment has been reported. From 1999 to 2001, medical records were retrospectively reviewed for patients with severe ocular injury related to airbag inflation at Taipei Veterans General Hospital. The ocular presentation, clinical course, management and visual outcome were r...

I ntraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) present unique surgical challenges, particularly when the posterior segment is involved. Risk factors for IOFB after ocular injury include youth, male gender, work-related injury, metallurgy, and battlefield or blast injury. If either traumatic endophthalmitis or traumatic cataract is present, there should be a high index of suspicion for IOFB, and imaging st...

Purpose: To report a rare case of bilateral circumscribed posterior keratoconus in microcornea associated with unilateral irido-fundal coloboma. Method: A case of bilateral circumscribed posterior keratoconus associated with unilateral irido-fundal coloboma presented to us with complaints of diminution of vision in both eyes since birth. The patient had undergone renal transplant for end stage ...

We report the case of a young woman with a history of cocaine use who presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to rupture of an aneurysm of the P1 segment of the posterior cerebral artery, treated via intracranial vascular microsurgery. A 29-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of headache, nausea, vomiting, and nuchal rigidity (Hunt & Hess grade II). The patient was a cocaine use...

OBJECTIVE To visualize the posterior portion of eye globe in dense cataract patients with B scan ultrasound, and to find out any posterior segment lesion in such pre-operative cases. METHODS We performed diagnostic B-scan ultrasound on 750 cataract patients before surgery. This was a prospective diagnostic study which was conducted in the Department of Opthalmology, Liaquat University Eye Hos...