BACKGROUND Adjacent-segment pathology is an important issue involving the cervical spine, but there have been few comprehensive studies of this problem. The purpose of the current study was to determine the risk factors for adjacent-segment pathology and to compare the survivorship of adjacent segments in patients who underwent cervical spine operations including arthrodesis and motion-sparing ...

The relationship between epicardial and transmural function (measured with sonomicrometers) was examined in 13 anesthetized open-chest dogs. Systolic wall thickening was used as a standard of integrated transmural function to compare with epicardial function measured as segment shortening parallel to surface fibers. Three levels of coronary inflow restriction were produced by using decrements i...

Recent results [Morata, G. & Kerridge, S. (1981) Nature (London) 290, 778-781] have shown that early Ultrabithorax- clones transform the posterior compartments of the adult meso- and metathoracic legs to prothorax. These transformations have not been seen in Ultrabithorax homozygous larvae, which are reported to show only transformations of the metathorax and the first abdominal segment to meso...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the biomechanical effects of the lumbar posterior complex on the adjacent segments after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgeries. METHODS A finite element model of the L1-S1 segment was modified to simulate PLIF with total laminectomy (PLIF-LAM) and PLIF with hemilaminectomy (PLIF-HEMI) procedures. The models were subjected to a 400N follower load with a 7....

Aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (formerly known as fulminate/type II/rush disease) occurs in zone 1 or posterior zone 2. Treatment involves extensive near confluent laser ablation of a large area of avascular retina. Anterior segment ischemia is a rare complication that can occur due to injury to the long posterior ciliary arteries in the horizontal meridians during aggressive p...

In this paper, we demonstrate that the optical microangiography (OAMG) is capable of depth-resolved imaging of directional blood perfusion within both retinal and choroid in the posterior segment of human eye. The study uses an OMAG system operating at 840 nm with an imaging speed at 27,000 A-scans per second. Sequentially registered multiple OMAG projection maps of small areas ( approximately ...

Acute posterior wall myocardial infarction (PMI) occurs in up to 20% of cases of acute myocardial infarction (MI), with the vast majority occurring along with inferior or lateral acute MI.1 A true PMI is considered more rare, with an incidence of approximately 3.3%.2 The term PMI is used for necrosis of the part of the left ventricle located beneath the atrioventricular sulcus.3 The majority of...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to quantify the length of the axillary nerve that is able to be dissected through a standard anterior (deltopectoral) and posterior approach. The authors hypothesize that a segment of the axillary nerve cannot be reached using both approaches simultaneously. METHODS Axillary nerves of five frozen cadavers were dissected using an anterior and posterior appr...

Purpose We compared the anterior segment characteristics of congenital cataract (CC) patients with lens opacities in different locations and proposed a modified, simple CC category system. Methods Cataractous eyes of CC patients were classified into four groups based on the locations of lens opacities shown in slit-lamp examinations and by a 3-dimensional anterior segment imaging system as fo...

Purpose. To analyze risk factors for endophthalmitis and retinal detachment (RD) in patients with retained intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs). Design. A retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series. Participants. All patients treated at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute for traumatic IOFBs between 1999 and 2008. Methods. Analysis of visual outcome, mechanism of injury, management, and posto...