Background. Correct volume management is essential in patients with respiratory failure. We investigated the ability of respiratory variations in noninvasive pulse pressure (ΔPP), photoplethysmographic waveform amplitude (ΔPOP), and pleth variability index (PVI) to reflect hypovolemia during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation by inducing hypovolemia with progressive lower body negative p...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of negative extrathoracic pressure ventilation as a respiratory support following phrenic nerve palsy after cardiac surgery. DESIGN An uncontrolled pilot study. PATIENTS 14 patients aged one week to 30 months (median 5.3 months) with phrenic nerve palsy diagnosed by phrenic nerve conduction tests and diaphragmatic electromyograms. Four had bilateral ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of 3 types of noninvasive respiratory support systems in the treatment of acute pulmonary edema: oxygen therapy (O2), continuous positive airway pressure, and bilevel positive pressure ventilation. METHODS We studied prospectively 26 patients with acute pulmonary edema, who were randomized into 1 of 3 types of respiratory support groups. Age was 69+/-7 years. ...

Background: Humidified heated high flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC), nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP), and nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) are three nasal non-invasive ventilation methods. The purpose of this study was to compare these three methods in decreasing intubation and mechanical ventilation rate in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrom...

INTRODUCTION — Conventional mechanical ventilation refers to the delivery of full or partial ventilatory support by a volume-cycled mechanical ventilator or by pressure support. It also can include the maintenance of positive airway pressure at the end of exhalation, ie, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) [1]. (See "Physiologic and pathophysiologic consequences of positive pressure ventila...

The National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) believes that noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is an important treatment modality for the prehospital management of acute dyspnea. This document serves as a resource to the NAEMSP position on prehospital NIPPV.

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine ¦ Volume 21 ¦ Issue 9 ¦ September 2017 618 Some evidence suggests that lung‐protective mechanical ventilation (MV) with low‐tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) in addition to positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) could prevent PGD‐induced hypoxemia in the recipients of LT. Nevertheless, these suggestions require further validation in prospective clinical s...

The bronchodilator and cardiac effects produced by aerosols of 0.5% isoprenaline and of 0.25, 0.5, and 1% salbutamol administered in 40% oxygen by intermittent positive-pressure ventilation were compared in 24 asthmatic patients. Isoprenaline and salbutamol in concentrations of 0.5% were equipotent in peak bronchodilator effect; salbutamol was superior in total bronchodilator effect and duratio...