RECENT YEARS have seen rapidly increasing demand for services and systems that depend upon accurate positioning of people and objects. This has led to the development and evolution of numerous positioning systems. This chapter provides an overview of the main positioning techniques: time of arrival ( TOA ), direction of arrival ( DOA ), and received signal strength indicator ( RSSI ). It then i...

Recently, the location of the fingerprint positioning technology is obviously superior to the signal transmission loss model based on the positioning technology, and is widely concerned by scholars. In the online phase, due to the efficiency of the probabilistic distribution matching computation is low and when clustering the position fingerprint database, hard clustering lead to degrading the ...

Currently the research on the map visualization and GIS visualization is relatively mature. But in the indoor environment, Indoor positioning system requires monitoring the location which is on vector map of positioning data and display positioning data trajectory. At the same time, Indoor positioning environment is complex, and has many obstacles such as walls. The connection between two posit...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of two different immobilization methods in patient positioning in cranial radiotherapy. The six-dimensional (6D) target localization accuracy of using a dedicated stereotactic mask was compared with that of a conventional head mask by the ExacTrac system. Material and Methods: ...

This abstract addresses challenges and strategies for wireless positioning. The anisotropic network localization problem and the solutions are discussed for wireless sensor networks. Applications of Bayesian filters are introduced to track positioning parameters in global navigation satellite systems. Radio map-based positioning solutions robust to the received signal strength variation are als...

With the rapid development of smart technology, the need for location-based services (LBS) increases every day. Since classical positioning technology such as GPS cannot satisfy the needs of indoor positioning, new indoor positioning technologies, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and Visible light communication (VLC), have already cut a figure. VLC positioning has been proposed because it has higher a...