In the past decades, shellfish culture has developed in a significant way around the world. However, culture areas are often subject to recurring anthropic pollution. The recrudescent presence of industrial wastes is a source of heavy metals and results in pollutant transfer towards the aquatic environment in estuarine areas. Because of their mode of life, bivalves, including mussels and oyster...

Understanding the characteristics of non-point sources (NPS) pollutions can provide theoretical support for improving water quality. Siheshui watershed located in south China was selected to explore the characteristics of NPS pollutions in rainfall-runoff process. In this small agricultural watershed, five flood events and one non-flood event were monitored, and the water quantity and quality c...

Ambient air pollutant exposure has been linked to childhood respiratory disease, but infants have received little study. The authors tested the hypotheses that subchronic and chronic exposure to fine particulate matter (particulate matter < or = 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)), nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone increases risk of severe infant bronchiolitis requiring hospi...

Contaminant transport in underground system usually occurs in varied flow fields and in anisotropic and heterogenous media. Because the applicability of analytical solutions is extremely limited for such conditions, and the distribution and transport of pollutants in groundwater are controlled by physics and chemistry and biology courses, which include advection, mechanical disperse, molecule s...

BACKGROUND AND METHODS Evidence shows that both the physical and social environments play a role in the development of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this systematic review is two-fold: First, we summarize research from the past 12 years from the growing number of studies focused on effect modification of the relationships between air pollution and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes ...

BACKGROUND Children with asthma in inner-city communities may be particularly vulnerable to adverse effects of air pollution because of their airways disease and exposure to relatively high levels of motor vehicle emissions. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between fluctuations in outdoor air pollution and asthma morbidity among inner-city children with asthma. METHODS We analyzed d...

Though runoff from manure spread fields is recognized as an important mode of nonpoint-source pollution, there are no models that mechanistically describe transport from a field-spread manure-type source. A mechanistic, physically based model for pollutant release from a surface source, such as field-spread manure, was hypothesized, laboratory tested, and field-applied. The primary objective of...

Due to the high density of buildings and low quality of the drainage pipe network in the city, urban non-point source pollution has become a serious problem encountered worldwide. This study investigated and analyzed the characteristics of non-point source pollution in Baoding City. A simulation model for non-point source pollution was developed based on the Stormwater Management Model (SWMM), ...

Fresh water is one of the most precious resources for our society. As a cause of oxygen depletion, organic pollutants released into water streams from industrial discharges, fertilizers, pesticides, detergents or consumed medicines can raise toxicological concerns due to their long-range transportability, bio-accumulation and degradation into carcinogenic compounds. The Stockholm Convention has...

Abstract The unsaturated zone is a globally important, dynamic water store, which affects resources, agriculture and pollutant transport. Despite this, the magnitude of storage remains highly uncertain. This work provides first global estimates this store (1.0 x10 5 km 3 ) in comparison to recent modern groundwater (3.5x10 ), before presenting roadmap for improved representation hydrological mo...