Since the mid-seventies, an extensive body of literature has analyzed political activism in Western democracies, utilizing the methods of survey research, historical comparisons, and events analysis to understand the ways that people participate in the public sphere, the processes that lead them to do so, and the consequences of these acts. By contrast, far less has been established about the c...

geopolitical imagination, by definition, is the competition between powers in forming individuals’, institutions’ and political factors’ perception of the characteristics and contents of geographical space, on the basis of their intended interests. in this article, as a case study, the us perception of the :union: of soviet socialist republics during the cold war era is analysed. the authors ar...

Few medical schools and sustained emigration have led to low numbers of doctors in many sub-Saharan African countries. The opportunity to undertake specialty training has been shown to be particularly important in retaining doctors. Yet limited training capacity means that doctors are often sent to other countries to specialise, increasing the risk that they may not return. Expanding domestic t...

The American response to Lysenkoism took place at a crucial moment in the evolving relationship between science and the public. Like many professional scientific organizations in the early Cold War, the Genetics Society of America (GSA) resisted involvement in political issues. In contrast to similar societies in the physical sciences, however, the geneticists' silence cannot be explained solel...

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a different type of converter circuit used to drive switched reluctance motors. It continues with detailed discussion on the resonant converter armed at minimizing or eliminating the transistors switching losses. Finally the drive has been tested on a disc-type reluctance motor for the perfomance and functionality.

place is a part of geographical space and a base for establishment of social relations. each place is unique according to its specific properties, functions and history. meanwhile, some places find symbol identity due to their especial historical events and properties and this identity would be maintained in the minds and moved to the other generations. for example azadi tower in tehran and sav...