The mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils is one of the challenging topics in the field of geotechnical engineering. The use of finite element technique is considered as a promising method to solve settlement and heave problems, as associated with unsaturated soil. Nevertheless, the success of the numerical analysis is strongly dependent on constitutive model being used. The well-known Barc...

Reinforced earth (RE) walls work as gravity-retaining structures which these composite rely on the self-weight of reinforced soil mass to resist lateral loads from pressure, surcharges vehicles, earthquakes, and water pressure. The type compacted backfill material at zone reinforcement length that was designed constructed has a capability form reinforced-soil provides sufficient stabilize overa...

In this study, the soil has been numerically modeled as Mohr-Columb model because it is simple to capture essential features of behavior. Plaxis 2D software program used for modeling. The dynamic analyses depend on some data, such grain size gradation materials, stiffness and water level. This data in calculation process. Simple applications have chosen calculate relations. computes entered aut...

Abstract Caisson type gravity quay wall is a common structure used in the coastal regions. However, many of existing walls constructed past are becoming obsolete. Therefore, main goal this study to enhance performance these by increasing front water depth. To deepen depth, special grout ejected solidify rubble mound under caisson toe, then excavating part placed designed level. Various cases wi...

The induced cracks on the concrete lining of the intake pressure tunnels may cause the water seep into the surrounding media leading to develop a hydro pressure on the external surface of the lining. In the common design practice, the lining can be designed to tolerate with this pressure using the Schleiss method. However, when the tunnel is constructed above the underground water, the seepage ...