A novel approach for the practical realization of feeding lines in connected array slots is presented. The proposed feed concept based on a parallel-plate waveguide (PPW) structure and allows simplifying unit cell design. When compared to typical integrated coaxial feed, PPW-based can reduce cost complexity array, by resulting lower number metal layers allowing large diameter vias. Two examples...

We find a family of planar bipartite graphs all whose Lombardi drawings (drawings with circular arcs for edges, meeting at equal angles the vertices) are nonplanar. also families embedded series-parallel and apex-trees (graphs formed by adding one vertex to tree) which there is no drawing consistent given embedding.

Parallel lines are very important objects in Euclid plane geometry and its behaviors can be gotten by one's intuition. But in a planar map geometry, a kind of the Smarandache geometries, the situation is complex since it may contains elliptic or hyperbolic points. This paper concentrates on the behaviors of parallel bundles in planar map geometries, a generalization of parallel lines in plane g...

Parallel lines are very important objects in Euclid plane geometry and its behaviors can be gotten by one's intuition. But in a planar map geometry, a kind of the Smarandache geometries, the situation is complex since it may contains elliptic or hyperbolic points. This paper concentrates on the behaviors of parallel bundles in planar map geometries, a generalization of parallel lines in plane g...