Abstract This article introduces the Codices of The School Huejotzingo as early examples data visualization from sixteenth-century colonial México. glyphs in and technique repetition are used to represent quantities. A similar approach was introduced four hundred years later 1930s Vienna that would become known Isotype. Similar Codices, Isotype pictograms set principles were established design ...

This paper intends to classify, review, and compare the existing languages for the specification of spatial integrity constraints at the conceptual level. We classify these languages into natural, visual, first-order logic, and hybrid and review their syntax and semantics. We compare these language categories based on expressiveness and pragmatics qualities. The results of this study show that ...

This work aims to support the actions of disaster victims, including tourists and persons who do not understand local language, via information sharing when disasters occur. Existing disaster support systems are often targeted at local residents, and understanding the local language is a prerequisite for use. In consideration of this situation, our system converts linguistic information to a no...

BACKGROUND Few population-based samples have previously published performance on the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), a recommended screening tool to detect infant developmental delay. The aim of the study was to investigate performance on the ASQ in a population-based sample of 6-month-old infants. METHODS In this population-based questionnaire study from Oslo, Norway, the 30 item ASQ 6 ...

Raster maps are widely available in the everyday life, and can contain a huge amount of information of any kind using labels, pictograms, or color code e.g. But due to those overlapping features, it’s not an easy task to extract roads from those maps. Many methods use user input to achieve this goal. In this paper we focus on an automated method to extract roads by using color segmentation and ...

Many real world systems and applications require a management tool that provides support for dealing with imperfect data. The aim of this paper is to handle the imperfection of spatiotemporal data from the conceptual modeling to the database conception. We propose to add new pictograms in PERCEPTORY in order to build imperfect spatiotemporal class diagrams such as those made using Fuzzy UML. Us...

Communication is an important act in the development and empowerment of human beings. Through language, humans communicate their needs, desires, moods... Unfortunately, many physical and mental disabilities deprive some people of such communication means. Nowadays various Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems exist in order to help people with disabilities. Virtual keyboards ...