BACKGROUND AND AIMS Exercise may become physically and psychologically maladaptive if taken to extremes. One example is the dependence reported by some individuals who engage in weight training. The current study explored potential psychological, motivational, emotional and behavioural concomitants of bodybuilding dependence, with a particular focus on motives for weight training. Using a path ...

1. Rats which have been maintained for ten to twelve generations on diets of low protein value were rehabilitated in utero (group P), from birth (group F) and from 4 weeks of age (group W). 2. Group W showed little change in physique, behaviour or learning, indicating that for recovery to be effective refeeding must begin earlier. 3. Group F just failed to attain full physical recovery (90%) wh...

social anxiety is a frequent, disabling condition but often unrecognized feature in schizophrenia. the aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of social anxiety among inpatients with schizophrenia. sixty inpatients with dsm-v schizophrenia were recruited from niayesh psychiatric hospital in 2015 in tehran, iran. they were interviewed with the anxiety disorders section of the scid for d...

background anxiety is an unpleasant experience that may have adverse effects on the process of anesthesia, cesarean delivery, recovery period and postoperative pain. anxiety can also affect maternal satisfaction of the medical cares that provided by the medical team. objectives to compare the effects of inhalational 50% nitrous oxide (n2o) with oxygen on reducing anxiety and pain in parturients...

purpose: the sport anxiety scale-2 (sas-2) is a tool by which we can measure the level of trait competitive anxiety. the original form included 15 questions and three subscales included: somatic, worry, and concentration distraction. the aim of this study was to examine of validity and reliability of persian version of sport anxiety scale-2 in children and teenager athletes. methodology: 358 qu...

Navigating copyright issues can be frustrating to the point of causing anxiety, potentially discouraging or inhibiting legitimate uses copyright-protected materials. A lack data about extent and impact these phenomena, known as anxiety chill, respectively, motivated authors create Copyright Anxiety Scale (CAS). This article provides an overview CAS’s development validity testing. Results initia...