Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected from streams located in an urban area from regions featuring different environmental conditions. Physicochemical variables and land use types pertaining to sampling sites were analyzed concurrently. Multivariate analyses (cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling) and rank-abundance diagrams were used to characterize community patterns to...

In general, environmental responses at level of populations or communities are preceded by alterations at lower biological levels which can be efficiently detected by the analysis of biomarkers. We analyzed the oxidative biomarkers TBARS and Catalase in Aegla singularis, a freshwater crustacean highly sensitive to environmental changes. The objective was to address if are differences in these b...

Aminoamide local anesthetics induce vasoconstriction in vivo and in vitro. The goals of this in vitro study were to investigate the potency of local anesthetic-induced vasoconstriction and to identify the physicochemical property (octanol/buffer partition coefficient, pKa, molecular weight, or potency) of local anesthetics that determines their potency in inducing isolated rat aortic ring contr...

We evaluated the impact of land cover on fish assemblages by examining relationships between stream hydrology, physicochemistry, and instream habitat and their association with fish responses in streams draining 18 watersheds of the Lower Piedmont of western Georgia. Several important relationships between land use and physicochemical, hydrological, and habitat parameters were observed, particu...

Incorporating results from a previously developed finite element model, an uncertainty and parameter sensitivity analysis was conducted using preliminary site-specific data from Horonobe, Japan (data available from five boreholes as of 2003). Latin Hypercube Sampling was used to draw random parameter values from the site-specific measured, or approximated, physicochemical uncertainty distributi...

Despite the fact that little is known about the consequences of hydropower production in tropical areas, many large dams (> 15 m high) are currently under construction or consideration in the tropics. We researched the effects of large hydroelectric dams on aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in two Costa Rican rivers. We measured physicochemical characteristics and sampled aquatic macroinver...

Menthosomes, novel deformable carriers for the enhancement of transdermal delivery are introduced in this study. Meloxicam (MX)-loaded menthosomes were formulated, and their physicochemical characteristics and skin permeability were evaluated. A two-factor spherical and second-order composite experimental design was used to prepare the formulation of the menthosomes. Ten formulations of menthos...

As indicated by its title, the book ‘Chemistry for Environmental Scientists’ aims at covering a very broad field of knowledge. After a short and general introduction, it is divided in four chapters, namely ‘Chemistry under environmental conditions’, ‘Fundamentals of physical chemistry’, ‘Chemistry of the elements and its [sic] compounds in the environment’ and ‘Chemical processes in the environ...

Bernd Zimmermann,1 Kristina Chadova,2 Diemo Ködderitzsch,2 Stefan Blügel,1 Hubert Ebert,2 Dmitry V. Fedorov,3,4 Nguyen H. Long,1 Phivos Mavropoulos,1 Ingrid Mertig,3,4 Yuriy Mokrousov,1,* and Martin Gradhand5,† 1Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, Germany 2Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University Mun...

The cutting, lay-up and bagging of out-of-autoclave (OOA) prepregs for composite part fabrication can take from several days to weeks, depending on the desired part size. This period of ambient temperature “out-time” induces resin polymerization/cross-linking, and affects critical physicochemical phenomena such as minimum viscosity, gelation, and vitrification. Therefore, the capability to moni...