A remarkable new apterous genus of Xanthopygina beetles is described here as Ikaros gen. nov. The includes three species, I. apteros et sp. from Colombia, paramo Colombia and polygonos Venezuela. Phylogenetic analyses using molecular morphological data were performed to assess the phylogenetic position whether taxa formed a monophyletic group. All analyses, including those with aptery-associate...

It has been reported that Escherichia coli B2 phylogenetic group strains are more susceptible to antibiotics, especially to quinolones, and tend to carry less integrons than other phylogenetic groups in commensal environments. To gain a better understanding of the relationships between antibiotic resistance, integrons, and phylogenetic groups in an environment with high antibiotic selective pre...

Abstract The forewing base structure of the orthopteran suborder Ensifera, a group insects well known for their sound-producing behavior, was examined by using light microscopy, confocal laser scanning and µCT. We detected significant novel characters, such as functional changes in tpm9 muscle from flexor to extensor that are likely associated with acquisition behavior forewings. Phylogenetic a...

Problematica are taxa that defy robust phylogenetic placement. Traditionally the term was restricted to fossil forms, but it is clear that extant taxa may be just as difficult to place, whether using morphological or molecular (nucleotide, gene or genomic) markers for phylogeny reconstruction. We discuss the kinds and causes of Problematica within the Metazoa, as well as criteria for their reco...

The phylogenetic relationship among the salmonid fishes of the genus Oncorhynchus has been analyzed using various kinds of markers for a long time. However, there are three major disagreements among those studies; (1) the authenticity of the Pacific salmon group as a monophyletic cluster, (2) the phylogenetic relationship among three Pacific salmons (pink salmon, sockeye salmon, and chum salmon...

Cnidaria, the sister group to Bilateria, is a highly diverse group of animals in terms of morphology, lifecycles, ecology, and development. How this diversity originated and evolved is not well understood because phylogenetic relationships among major cnidarian lineages are unclear, and recent studies present contrasting phylogenetic hypotheses. Here, we use transcriptome data from 15 newly-seq...

three known feline hemoplasmas are mycoplsama haemofelis, ‘candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum’ and ‘candidatus mycoplasma turicensis’. they are described as cause of feline infectious anemia in domestic and wild felids. other blood parasites or blood-related pathogens like concurrent retroviral infections may deteriorate the clinical condition and severity of anemia. the aims of this study were...