Liver fibrosis is an outcome of many chronic liver diseases and often results in cirrhosis, failure even hepatocarcinoma. Zhuyu zhenggan decoction as a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula used to clinical practice while its mechanism unclear. The aim this study was investigate the anti-fibrosis effect explore molecular mechanisms by combining network pharmacology animal experiment. c...

In systems as diverse as yeast, slime mold and animal cells, the levels and distribution of phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) must be strictly regulated for successful cell cleavage. The precise mechanism by which PIPs function in this process remains unknown. Recent experiments are beginning to shed light on the cellular pathways in which PIPs make key contributions during cytokinesis. In...

Voltage-sensing phosphoinositide phosphatase (VSP) contains voltage sensor and cytoplasmic phosphatase domains. A unique feature of this protein is that depolarization-induced motions of the voltage sensor activate PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) and PtdIns(4,5)P(2) phosphatase activities. VSP exhibits remarkable structural similarities with PTEN, the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10. ...

Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases were originally characterized as lipid kinases, although more than 10 years ago they were also found to phosphorylate protein serine residues. However, while there is a vast amount of data on the function of this lipid kinase activity, relatively little is known about the function of the protein kinase activity. We discuss the evidence that suggests that the p...

Aren’t PX domains phosphoinositide-binding motifs? Exactly! PX domains are lipid-binding modules that aid the association of their host protein with membranes enriched in specific phosphoinositides. In many cases, PX domains have been shown to bind phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PtdIns3P), a phosphoinositide enriched on the cytosolic face of endosomes. This lipid has a regulatory functio...

We have synthesized and characterized a positron-emitting carbon-11labeled 1,2-diacylglycerol to study phosphoinositide turnover in tumor cells. Rapid incorporation of the 1,2-diacylglycerol was observed in the C6 glioma cell line. The incorporated lipid fraction consisted chiefly of phos phoinositide pool and another phospholipid pool in the proliferative state. When the state was inhibited by...

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent phosphoinositide signaling has been implicated in diverse cellular systems coupled to receptors for many different ligands, but the extent to which it functions in sensory transduction is yet to be determined. We now report that blocking PI3K activity increases odorant-evoked, cyclic nucleotide-dependent elevation of [Ca(2+)](i) in acutely dissocia...

Several enzymes involved in the phosphoinositide metabolism have been shown to be present in nuclei of rat liver and Friend cells. In this paper we demonstrate that nuclear matrices of mouse NIH 3T3-fibroblasts and rat liver cells, isolated by nuclease treatment and high salt extraction, contain phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PdtIns 4-kinase), phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PtdIns(4...

Nuclear PI3K and its downstream effectors play essential roles in a variety of cellular activities including cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and pre-mRNA splicing. Aly is a nuclear speckle protein implicated in mRNA export. Here we show that Aly is a physiological target of nuclear PI3K signaling, which regulates its subnuclear residency, cell proliferation, and mRNA export activ...

The human erythrocyte actively phosphorylates and dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol present in the membrane in an apparent "futile cycle." Recent reports have proposed that this phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle is a significant consumer of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the erythrocyte. This study details two independent techniques for quantitating the ATP consumed by this phosph...