Phosphates along the DNA function as chemical energy frequently used by nucleases to drive their enzymatic reactions. Exonuclease functions as a machine that converts chemical energy of the phosphodiester-chain into mechanical work. However, the roles of phosphates during exonuclease activities are unknown. We employed λ exonuclease as a model system and investigated the roles of phosphates dur...

Voltage-dependent K(+) (Kv) channels require lipid phosphates for functioning. The S4 helix, which carries the gating charges in the voltage-sensing domain (VSD), inserts into membranes while being stabilized by a protein-lipid interface in which lipid phosphates play an essential role. To examine the physical basis of the protein-lipid interface in the absence of lipid phosphates, we performed...

___________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Phosphates are inorganic compounds, based on the element phosphorus, combined with oxygen to form phosphates, the form in which phosphorus is present in nature. Phosphates are essential for plant growth, crops, and human health. Phosphates have been used in processing and preservation of fruits ...

Phosphates offer a range of possibilities when used in meat and poultry productions. Food grade phosphates are used in meat products for several reasons such as changing and/or stabilizing of pHvalue, increasing water holding capacity in order to lead to higher yields, decreasing losses of weight in cooking, improving texture and sensory properties (tenderness, juiciness, color and flavor), ext...

Enzymes that are capable of hydrolyzing ribonucleoside 2’, 3’cyclic phosphates but that do not attack intemucleotide bonds are available from various sources (1). Several of these enzymes convert ribonucleoside 2’,3’-cyclic phosphates to the corresponding ribonucleoside 2’-phosphates. The first die&erase of this type was studied in calf spleen by Whitfeld, Heppel, and Markham (2). Davis and All...

effects of sodium salt solutions on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of refrigerated persian sturgeon (acipenser persicus) fillets during 12 days of storage were investigated. fillets were dipped in solutions (2.5% w/v) of sodium acetate (sa), sodium lactate (sl), sodium citrate (sc) and distilled water (as control) for 10 minutes and then packaged. an assessment of tbars, ffa, ph, h...

BACKGROUND Under scarcity of freshwater, the reuse and low-cost technological solutions applied to wastewaters seek reduce contamination users freshwater biota. RESULTS A cellulose membrane was doped with silver nanoparticles filter urban wastewater (UW) from a city in Argentina. The total amount coliforms Escherichia coli decreased by 99.6% 99.9%, respectively. leak 275 ng L?1, analyzed square...

iodine as a trace micronutrient has important role in body physiology and its sufficient intake is essential for synthesize and secrete adequate amounts of thyroid gland hormones which influenced all periods of human life including fetal, childhood and adolescence. the aim of this study was to evaluate iodine concentration in marketed edible salt samples in lorestan province, comparing with exi...