Spoken dialog tasks incur many errors including speech recognition errors, understanding errors, and even dialog management errors. These errors create a big gap between user's will and the system's understanding, and eventually result in a misinterpretation. To fill in the gap, people in human-to-human dialog try to clarify the major causes of the misunderstanding and selectively correct them....

The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a widely used instrument for high-resolution imaging from aircraft or satellite platforms. In the paper, the problem of the defocusing of multilook SAR images by uncompensated phase errors presented in the received data is analyzed. It is shown that the phase errors on a multi-look processing interval can be effectively described in terms of local quadratic...

PURPOSE To correct gradient-induced phase errors in radial MRI. METHODS Gradient-induced eddy currents affect the MRI data acquisition by gradient delays and phase errors that may lead to severe image artifacts for non-Cartesian imaging scenarios such as radial trajectories. While gradient delays are dealt with by respective shifts of the acquisition window during radial image acquisition, th...

In spatial phase-shifting interferential system on polarization interference and grating beam-splitting, the azimuth errors of the polarizers are the central error sources of phase-shifting steps and have 1:1 effect for the steps. It applies two ways to determine the azimuth errors of the ploarizers: experimental testing and software calculating. The basic principle of experimental testing is t...

We prove the unconditional security of the Bennett 1992 protocol, by using a reduction to an entanglement distillation protocol initiated by a local filtering process. The bit errors and the phase errors are correlated after the filtering, and we can bound the amount of phase errors from the observed bit errors by an estimation method involving nonorthogonal measurements. The angle between the ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of electronic standardized chemotherapy templates on incidence and types of prescribing errors. DESIGN A quasi-experimental interrupted time series with segmented regression. SETTING A 700-bed multidisciplinary tertiary care hospital with an ambulatory cancer center. PARTICIPANTS A multidisciplinary team including oncology physicians, nurses, pharmacists a...

If one replaces the ordinary single receiver of a synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) with a linear array of receivers underneath the wings of an aircraft, one obtains a 3-D signal history (two spatial dimensions plus the frequency dimension) that allows the computation of a 3-D image (angle-angle-range) of a scene. Because of the limited extent of the wingspan, the cross-track resolution is limited...

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) [1,2] (and other imaging systems) measures the complex Fourier transform (called the signal history or phase history) of the scene being imaged, but it often suffers from one-dimensional (1-D) phase errors due to unknown system platform motion, target motion, system phase instabilities, and propagation through atmospheric turbulence. If uncorrected, these phase er...

We propose a novel spatial phase-shifting interferometry that exploits a genetic algorithm to compensate for geometric errors. Spatial phase-shifting interferometry is more suitable for measuring objects with properties that change rapidly in time than the temporal phase-shifting interferometry. However, it is more susceptible to the geometric errors since the positions at which interferograms ...