literature is the reflection of a poet's mind and feelings affected by the world around him. the poet experiences and feels the incidents and expresses them in a language so as to make the reader share those feelings with him. a great part of persian literature is devoted to poets' resistance against attacks on national, human and cultural values. this study aims at examining tahereh ...

Poetry like other literary genres exists to be enjoyed and appreciated. The difficult task facing any instructor is to develop this sense of appreciation and enjoyment in students who are not interested in poetry. For a long time, literature in general and poetry in particular, was purged from the teaching programmes on the ground that it made no contribution to learning a foreign language for ...

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how poetry and poetry therapy are useful tools in existentially oriented psychotherapeutic practice. This paper will accomplish this aim in several ways. First, a brief introduction to poetry therapy will be presented. Second, the main principles of existential therapy will be explored. Third, the congruence between poetry therapy and existential theo...

Image or imagination, ink and paste are the main themes of poetry, since end sixth century, which is one most fertile periods Persian literature, poets this period freely imposed many poetic fantasies on And for centuries, with various acquisitions, they were influential in poetry generations after them (Shafiee, 1999, pp. 404 405). The use abstract difficult philosophical concepts mystical wor...

The carnivalesque poetics of the “rogue lyrics” (qalandariyyāt) medieval Sufi poetry have excited interest varied audiences since premodern times. This attention is not surprising: these poems' purported celebration proscribed actions, antinomian figures, and even apostasy shocks readers demands interpretation. Many interpreters, followed by a substantial group contemporary scholars, read image...

parvin e'tesami is one of the famous outstanding persian poets of the constitutional era and also the reign of pahlavi i who composed her poems based on persian classical literature with moral contents and new political and social themes in the field of didactic literature. under the influence of european newfangled intellectuals, romanticism formed during 18th century and devided into dif...

irony makes the word meaning multifaceted and contradictory meanings being extended in text. explaining the theoretical framework of irony, it has been tried in present research to make the ironic components clear, to extract the common features between irony and other semantic industries of persian language, and to analyze the tricks and efficient forms of irony in hafiz's poetry. the res...

The chapter on the ravī (the last ‘letter’ of rhyme), from work al-Muʿğam fī maʿāyīr ašʿār al-ʿağam by Šams-i Qays (13th century), is deemed earliest and more prestigious extant text describing rules concerning rhyme ( qāfiya ) in Persian verses. It focuses identification pivotal rhyming letter ), that segment word, around which a poem built. In discussing this topic, touches linguistic issues ...