In this paper, we focus on hierarchical multiobjective stochastic linear programming problems (HMOP) where multiple decision makers in a hierarchical organization have their own multiple objective linear functions together with common linear constraints. In order to deal with HMOP, a probability maximization model and a fractile optimization model are applied. By considering the conflict betwee...

Data streams in end-to-end communications can cross multiple network domains in which different QoS solutions are deployed. The provision of endto-end quality of service over heterogeneous environment assumes the negotiation of mutually acceptable SLA. The negotiation process gives the user the ability to specify the desired level of service, along with the permissible pricing of the service. T...

This paper describes cognitive characteristics of timing difference for closed captions superimposed onto TV news programs. It was reported that timing delays for superimposing disrupts hearing impaired people's enjoyment and intelligibility of TV, but nobody has yet investigated the permissible limit for timing difference. This study presents subjects' permissible and preferable limits of the ...

What relation do the various parts of a plan bear to the overall aim of the plan? In this essay we consider this question in the context of two very different problems in the criminal law. The first, known in the German criminal law literature as the Actio Libera in Causa, involves defendants who contrive to commit crimes under conditions that would normally afford them a justification or excus...

With assets taken to be pools, rational expectations on their delivery rates are, as default is permissible in an economy and its penalty prescribed in terms of utility, indispensable to the existence of equilibrium. And the resulting equilibrium relies heavily on the prevailing penalty level. We propose, in this paper, a path-following algorithm for calculating the level of penalty that leads ...

One of the most important resources for drinking water is groundwater. Recently, the quality of groundwater has been endangered due to several reasons, including human activities, vast agricultural activities, and the discharge of industrial wastewater containing nitrogen (N) and heavy metals. For this study we investigated the values of NO3, NO2, and some heavy metals and analyzed the groundwa...

Most of the cities of developing countries are facing serious noise pollution problem, due to the concentration of motor vehicles and human population within the limited urban areas. The study presents the status of noise pollution at selected signalized intersections of Nashik city, Maharashtra, India. The study is conducted using sound level meter and simultaneously classified traffic volume ...