Fire is a process that shaped and maintained most terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Changes in land use and patterns of human settlement have altered fire regimes and led to fire suppression resulting in numerous undesirable consequences spanning individual species and entire ecosystems. Many obvious and direct consequences of fire suppression have been well studied, but several, albeit less ob...

1. introduction extensive fires in the forests are examples of natural crises (hosseinali, 2005) and forest fire events are increasing in the conditions of changing climate and global warming; (azizi and yousefi, 2005). this phenomenon is considered one of the most destructive factors for forest ecosystems, causing irreparable damages (marozas et al, 2007). some of these damages include land us...

This is a project supported by a grant from the Criminology Research Grants. The views expressed are the responsibility of the author and are not necessarily those of the Council. Descriptive mapping and analysis of malicious hoax calls 38 Descriptive mapping and analysis of suspicious fires 46 Summary of descriptive mapping and analysis 53 Understanding the dynamics of suspicious fires and mal...

Emissions from open burning, on a mass pollutant per mass fuel (emission factor) basis, are greater than those from well-controlled combustion sources. Some types of open burning (e.g. biomass) are large sources on a global scale in comparison to other broad classes of sources (e.g. mobile and industrial sources). A detailed literature search was performed to collect and collate available data ...

The massive forests of central Amazonia are often considered relatively resilient against climatic variation, but this view is challenged by the wildfires invoked by recent droughts. The impact of such fires that spread from pervasive sources of ignition may reveal where forests are less likely to persist in a drier future. Here we combine field observations with remotely sensed information for...

Non-native, invasive grasses have been linked to altered grass-fire cycles worldwide. Although a few studies have quantified resulting changes in fire activity at local scales, and many have speculated about larger scales, regional alterations to fire regimes remain poorly documented. We assessed the influence of large-scale Bromus tectorum (hereafter cheatgrass) invasion on fire size, duration...

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015 H. Ingason et al., Tunnel Fire Dynamics, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-2199-7_2 Abstract The effect of ventilation on fire development is one of the most important phenomena to understand in tunnel fire safety engineering. Ventilation controls the combustion process and is usually the phenomenon that engineers find most difficult to comprehend. Tunnel fi...

Whereas different hydrometeor types cannot be readily distinguished using radar reflectivity alone, this paper shows how the differential reflectivity available from dual-polarization radars can be used as an indicator of hydrometeor type (when supported by reflectivity factor also), and that the spatial variability of differential reflectivity is a useful addition. Various hydrometeor types, g...

[1] During the summer of 2004, extensive wildfires burned in Alaska and western Canada; the fires were the largest on record for Alaska. Smoke from these fires was observed over the continental United States in satellite images, and a variety of chemical tracers associated with the fires were sampled by aircrafts deployed during the International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport...

Knowledge of the causes of forest fires, and of the main driving factors of ignition, is an indispensable step towards effective fire prevention policies. This study analyses the factors driving forest fire ignition in the Mediterranean region including the most common human and environmental factors used for modelling in the European context. Fire ignition factors are compared to spatial and t...