Although low-threshold transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a modality used for control of pain, but its effect in the control of spasticity and change of excitability of a motor neuron is controversial. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of 15-min tripolar TENS of vertebral column and bipolar TENS of common peroneal nerve (300 µs width, 50 Hz) on synap...

Low dietary sodium intake increases central nervous system angiotensin activity, which increases basal renal sympathetic nerve activity and shifts its arterial baroreflex control to a higher level of arterial pressure. This results in a higher level of renal sympathetic nerve activity for a given level of arterial pressure during low dietary sodium intake than during either normal or high dieta...

BACKGROUND Spinal cord stimulation is an intervention that has become increasingly popular due to the growing body of literature showing its effectiveness in treating pain and the reversible nature of the treatment with implant removal. It is currently approved by the FDA for chronic pain of the trunk and limbs, intractable low back pain, leg pain, and pain from failed back surgery syndrome. In...

Background and Aim: The present study aimed to use the median nerve compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude by stimulation at the palm instead of abductor pollicis brevis (APB) needle electromyography (EMG) for determining a sign of axonal loss in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methods and Materials/Patients: This study was performed on 180 patients with CTS referred to ...

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a common cause of chronic pain in the elderly. Opioids and adjunctive analgesics such as antidepressants and anticonvulsants effectively reduce discomfort in many patients, while others have pain that remains resistant to all forms of therapy. Spinal cord stimulation has shown promise for severe truncal and extremity PHN, but has no impact on neuralgias of crania...

Recovery following peripheral nerve injuries is often incomplete. The gold standard treatment is surgical nerve repair performed immediately or shortly after injury. To date, there are no additional treatments that are used to enhance functional recovery. In this paper we outline two emerging applications of electrical stimulation to enhance nerve regeneration and functional recovery. The first...