Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic immune-mediated disorder caused by the dietary gluten in individuals who are genetically susceptible to the disease. In fact, CD is a T cell-mediated immune disease in which gluten-derived peptides activate the lamina propria CD4+ Teff cells, and these T-cell subsets can cause the intestinal tissue damages. Also, there are additional subsets of CD4+ T cells wit...

After emerging from the thymus, naive CD4 T cells circulate through secondary lymphoid tissues, including gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the intestine. The activation of naïve CD4 T cells by antigen-presenting cells offering cognate antigen initiate differentiation programs that lead to the development of highly specialized T helper (Th) cell lineages. Although initially believed that develo...

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) attacks are characterized as recurrent, transient episodes of muscle weakness that range from mild weakness to complete flaccid paralysis. Episodes of weakness are accompanied by hypokalemia, which left untreated can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias (6). In this case study, we followed a patient's potassium levels analyzing how they correlate with electro...

Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis (TPP) is a rare and life threatening condition commonly occurring in young Asian males. It is characterized by acute paralytic attacks and hypokalemia in association with thyrotoxicosis. Serum potassium levels may be normal in rare cases of TPP. The diagnosis of normokalemic TPP may be overlooked and/or delayed in most cases. Here, we describe a 32-year-old Iranian...

‎This paper aims at establishing the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a nonstandard variational-hemivariational inequality. The solutions of this inequality are discussed in a subset $K$ of a reflexive Banach space $X$. Firstly, we prove the existence of solutions in the case of bounded closed and convex subsets. Secondly, we also prove the case when $K$ is compact convex subsets. Fina...

Background: The appendix is considered as part of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue; however, lymphocyte subsets in this tissue are not fully defined. Objective: To investigate and compare the function and phenotype of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and appendix of patients with normal and inflamed appendix tissues. Methods: Peripheral blood samples and appendiceal mononuclear cells we...

た.し か し発熱,筋 ・関節痛はな く,知 覚異常も 自覚 しなかつた.筋 脱力は四肢に限局し,頭 頚部 およ び躯幹の異常はなかつた.発 病後約1週 間徐 徐に増悪 したのち快方に向い,約1ヵ 月間の通院 治療で全治した.そ の後は特別の症状なく普通に 生活 していたがが,昭 和43年(15才 時)8月 初旬, 野球大会に投手 として出場のための練習で過労がが 続いたのち,同 月12日,最 終試合を 終えて 帰宅 後,夕 食前,午 後6時 頃から両手の脱力を覚え, 翌13日 朝は両下肢 の脱力が加わ り,さ らに夕刻に は軽度の嚥下障害も認められ,14日 には腰腹筋脱 力,15日 には起坐 ・歩行全 く不能 とな り,8月17 日当科に入院 した. 入院時現症:意 識清明.起 坐 ・歩行全 く不能 で受動的背臥位であるが,心 ・肺お よび腹部内臓 には異常なく,軽 度の嚥下障害を...

a central role for t cells and their cytokines in the pathogenesis of psoriasis has been proposed; however, there are controversies over the details of this issue. the goal of this study is to summarise currently available data on the importance of t cells in psoriasis pathogenesis. a  systematic  review  of  the  english  medical  literature  was  conducted  by  searching pubmed, embase, isi w...

we introduce center-like subsets z*(r,f), z**(r,f) and z1(r,f), where r is a ring and f is a map from r to r. for f a derivation or a non-identity epimorphism and r a suitably-chosen prime or semiprime ring, we prove that these sets coincide with the center of r.