A new quartet method is described for building phylogenetic trees, making use of a numerical measure of local inconsistency. For each quartet consisting of four species, the user chooses numbers indicating evidence for each of the three possible completely resolved trees. These numbers may be, for example, tree lengths or likelihoods. From these numbers, I describe how to measure the ‘‘local in...

Distributed applications and web services, such as online stores or social networks, are expected to be scalable, available, responsive, and fault-tolerant. To meet these steep requirements in the face of high round-trip latencies, network partitions, server failures, and load spikes, applications use eventually consistent datastores that allow them to weaken the consistency of some data. Howev...

Some empirical and theoretical studies have emphasized on fixed exchange rate regime in controlling time inconsistency, while others consider the role of target zone regime as an important factor. Thus there is no general consensus to decide which exchange rate regime may bring about less time-inconsistency. The main purpose of this study is to investigate policy time-inconsistency in exchange ...

For interactive theorem provers a very desirable property is consistency : it should not be possible to prove false theorems. However, this is not enough: it also should not be possible to think that a theorem that actually is false has been proved. More precisely: the user should be able to know what it is that the interactive theorem prover is proving. To make these issues concrete we introdu...

Many studies in heuristic search suggest that the accuracy of the heuristic used has a positive impact on improving the performance of the search. In another direction, historical research perceives that the performance of heuristic search algorithms, such as A* and IDA*, can be improved by requiring the heuristics to be consistent – a property satisfied by any perfect heuristic. However, a few...

This study evaluated three algorithms of the iterative ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). They are Confirming EnKF, Restart EnKF, and modified Restart EnKF developed to resolve the inconsistency problem (i.e., updated model parameters and state variables do not follow the Richards equation) in vadose zone data assimilation due to model nonlinearity. While Confirming and Restart EnKF were adapted fr...

Two descriptions are inconsistent if there is no way to satisfy them altogether. Inconsistencies may arise under many circumstances in the software lifecycle. They are often inevitable, for instance, when the descriptions are produced or evolve independently from each other. Sometimes they may even be desirable, for instance, to allow further elicitation of requirements descriptions being acqui...

We present a new logical approach to reasoning from inconsistent information. The idea is to restore modelhood of inconsistent formulas by providing a third truth-value tolerating inconsistency. The novelty of our approach stems first from the restriction of entailment to three-valued models as similar as possible to two-valued models and second from an implication connective providing a notion...

Inconsistency is a challenge with many delaysensitive Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs). In this paper, a framework for inconsistency analysis and control is proposed. A typical situation, called hot-spot region, is considered for resolving this problem, since it is one of major causes of the inconsistency. Stochastic models are presented to abstract the operations of a MMOG in the con...

rationality, based on economic system of capitalism to explain phenomenon is based on self-interest. one important phenomenon from the perspective of the new classical school of macroeconomic, kydlnd and prescott (1977), the winners of the 2004 nobel prize in economics is, time inconsistency. time inconsistency ,is a condition that will cause a decision (by households, firms, or scheduler), whi...