Studies of the kinematics of the pectoral fins in fishes have focused on fins as devices for propulsion or maneuvering. Studying pectoral fin function in benthic fishes is an opportunity to understand how the fins are used in a broader range of fin-based behaviors, especially those involving substrate contact. Morphological specializations of the pectoral fins, hypothesized adaptations for subs...

Ray-finned fishes actively control the shape and orientation of their fins to either generate or resist hydrodynamic forces. Because of the emergent mechanical properties of their segmented, bilaminar fin rays (lepidotrichia), and actuation by multiple muscles, fish can control the rigidity and curvature of individual rays independently, thereby varying the resultant forces across the fin surfa...

Two species of dwarfgoby are described from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Eviota flebilis n. sp. belongs to cephalic sensory-pore system pattern 2 (lacking only IT pore), has a dorsal/anal fin-ray formula of 8/7, unbranched pectoral-fin rays, the 5th pelvic-fin ray 12.9% of the 4th, a distinctive narrow, red-orange line under the eye, and a dark vertical line at the caudal-fin base. Eviota specca ...

numerical and experimental analyses are performed on multilouvered fin banks in low and medium reynolds regimes to investigate the effects of dimples and perforations on flow structure and heat transfer capacity. in different reynolds numbers the flow efficiency has been calculated numerically and experimentally by flow visualization method and the results showed that dimples and perforations c...

The efficiency of a cooling fin of given weight is measured by the amount of heat dissipated per unit time by the fin. It is known that the efficiency of a given fin can be altered by changing the shape of the fin. In this paper we determine the shape of the most efficient fin of given weight and length, and thickness h.

A new species of nemacheilid loach, Triplophysa longliensis, is described from Yudonghe River, a small tributary of Pearl River in Guizhou Province, China. It can be distinguished from other valid Triplophysa loaches by the following combination of characters: body smooth and scaleless; head tapering; lips thin and smooth; posterior chamber of gas bladder highly developed, long, bag-shaped, tip...

Zebrafish fins have a proximal skeleton of endochondral bones and a distal skeleton of dermal bones. Recent experimental and genetic studies are discovering mechanisms to control fin skeleton morphogenesis. Whereas the endochondral skeleton has been extensively studied, the formation of the dermal skeleton requires further revision. The shape of the dermal skeleton of the fin is generated in it...

The median fins in extant actinopterygians are the product of millions of years of evolution. During this time, different developmental patterns for the dorsal and anal fins emerged leading to a high variation in median fin morphology and ontogeny. In this study, the development of anal and dorsal fins in atheriniforms is described and its consequences for the current phylogenetic hypothesis ar...

A FIN-learning machine M receives successive values of the function f it is learning and at some moment outputs a conjecture which should be a correct index of f. FIN learning has 2 extensions: (1) If M ips fair coins and learns a function with certain probability p, we have FIN hpi-learning. (2) When n machines simultaneously try to learn the same function f and at least k of these machines ou...

This paper describes the modeling and control development of a bio-inspired unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) propelled by four pectoral fins. Based on both computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental fin data, we develop a UUV model that focuses on an accurate representation of the fin-generated forces. Models of these forces span a range of controllable fin parameters, as well as take...