Recent protest movements brought attention to the one percent, a segment of the population that is critical to understanding inequality and social mobility but that attracts relatively little research attention. In this article, I survey current research on the one percent in the United States. I distinguish income from wealth and show that both are very concentrated but that the concentration ...

in order to evaluate the effect of water deficit and different fertilizer levels on yield and some agro-morphological characteristics of moldavian balm, a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of shahrekord university during 2013-2014 growing season. main factor was three levels of irrigation regimes including: 100...

The knowledge of the surface topography has a major importance in the field of Earth sciences. It is essential in any discipline concerned with process modeling like hydrology, climatology, geomorphology and ecology. The present study utilized Environmental Systems Research Institute’s (ESRI) ArcGIS 9.3 (with the spatial analyst extension) software, remote sensing data ( DEM and Digital Aerial ...

refraction and diffraction combination of waves, is very important and applicable problem in coastal engineering (e.g. for designing break - water). however, formulation of this phenomen and numerical solution is very difficult. in this study, a numerical algorithm based on the mild slop sea bed theory is presented to obtain the appropriate governing equations of combined refraction diffraction...

5 We demonstrate how commodity producers can take strategic specula6 tive positions in derivatives markets to soften competition in the spot mar7 ket. In our game, suppliers first choose a portfolio of call options and then 8 compete in supply functions. In equilibrium firms sell forward contracts 9 and buy call options to commit to downward sloping supply functions. Al10 though this strategy i...

From 1995 to 1998, more than 90 percent of mid-range IPOs were charged underwriter fees, or spreads, of exactly seven percent, even though evidence suggests that economies of scale in the size of the offering should allow for lower fees. Chen and Ritter (2000) offer collusion as a possible explanation based on empirical analysis and observation. Alternatively, we investigate whether the spreads...