Achieving food and feed self-sufficiency is important for both China the world. While China's has been examined at national provincial levels, few studies consider lower administrative levels or different items. This study quantifies in eastern regions of examines correlations with agronomic (arable area, yield, fertilizer input, machinery power) socioeconomic (population density, gross domesti...

In recent years two ambitious historical national account reconstructions of British economic development over the very long run have been published (Broadberry et als 2015, Clark 2010). Broadberry et als estimates national income and per capita income growth using output data while Clark is using income data, that is wage, capital income and land rent data. In principle results from these reco...

Land degradation is one of the most serious problems facing resource-poor tropical hillside farmers. Studies examining determinants of farmers’ decisions to invest in land improvement technologies have focused on economic and financial factors, neglecting individuals’ perceptions and awareness of the problems and how they affect land use and behavioral change that enhance environmental sustaina...

Soil is the vital foundation of terrestrial ecosystems storing water, nutrients, and almost three-quarters of the organic carbon stocks of the Earth's biomes. Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks vary with land-cover and land-use change, with significant losses occurring through disturbance and cultivation. Although urbanisation is a growing contributor to land-use change globally, the effects of u...

Porunar, Pulavar, Panar, Koudhar, Patini, Varaviyar are known as Iravalars (beggers). They called because they earn their living by singing. In songs, praise the rich people and gift, get gifts, money so on. The also go in search of Iravalars, love to hear songs them. Sangha literary texts speaks abundantly extensively about how income singing others.

Acid soils limit crop production on 30-40% of the world’s arable land and up to 70% of the world’s potentially arable land (Haug, 1983). Although the poor fertility of acid soils is due to a combination of mineral toxicities (aluminum and manganese) and deficiencies (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and molybdenum), Al toxicity is the single most important factor, being a major constraint for cr...

This paper uses data from a household survey to estimate changes in land distribution in rural West Bengal between 1967-2004 and decompose these into contributions of different factors. There was a substantial drop in land per household and land per capita, while within-village inequality rose. The latter was associated mainly with rising landlessness induced by high rates of household division...