BACKGROUND In 15 % to 25 % of patients, the lateral pelvic lymph nodes (LPN) are known to be involved especially with rectal tumors lying below the peritoneal reflection. While total mesorectal excision (TME) ensures removal of locoregional lymph nodes, it does not address the LPN. Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPND) is being performed in selected scenarios for persistent LPN after admi...

Background: In radiation therapy, peripheral dose or the dose outside the radiotherapy field, is important when anatomical structures with very low dose tolerances are involved. One of these critical organs in pelvic irradiation is testis. The amount of radiation delivered to the testes in radiotherapy must be kept as small as possible, consistent with the limit dose of this organ. The threshol...

Objectives. Pelvic lymphadenectomy is associated with a significant risk of lower-limb lymphedema. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the feasibility of identifying the lower-limb drainage nodes (LLDNs) during pelvic lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer. Secondary objectives were tomap lower-limbdrainageand toassess thediagnostic value of ourmapping technique. Methods. This prospect...

Aims Pelvic radiotherapy adds significantly to the curative treatment of many pelvic malignancies. However, this cure comes at a cost for patients, where late bowel toxicities, such as faecal incontinence, urgency and diarrhoea, adversely affect quality life. Despite implementation advanced techniques in centres, there are deficiencies our knowledge how make best use these minimise with dose–vo...

Guidelines for screening of cervical cancer and pelvic exams for older women have recently changed. These changes may have unexpected sequelae in women over 65 years of age. This manuscript provides a review of gynecologic screening recommendations for older women in the U.S. and potential ramifications of these recent changes. Peer reviewed guidelines from the American College of Obstetrics an...

BACKGROUND During the past decade there has been considerable progress in developing new radiation methods for cancer treatment. Pelvic radiotherapy constitutes the primary or (neo) adjuvant treatment of many pelvic cancers e.g., locally advanced cervical and rectal cancer. There is an increasing focus on late effects and an increasing awareness that patient reported outcomes (PROs) i.e., patie...

INTRODUCTION Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the ovary is a rare, recently recognized, subtype of ovarian surface epithelial cancer. CASE PRESENTATION A 69-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with a 2-year history of progressive enlargement of an abdominal mass. Abdominal computed tomography showed a pelvic mass. CA-125 was normal. A staging operation with total abdominal hysterectom...

In Japan, radiotherapy with high dose rate remote after loading system (HDR-RALS) for intracavitary brachytherapy is the standard treatment for more than 30 years. This report showed the usefulness of HDR-RALS for uterine cervical cancer. From 1980 through 1999, 442 patients with uterine cervical cancers (stage I: 66, stage II: 161, stage III: 165, stage IV: 50) were treated. Radiotherapy was p...

Although oncologic efficacy is the primary goal of radical prostatectomy, preserving potency and continence is also important, given the indolent clinical course of most prostate cancers. In order to preserve and recover postoperative potency and continence after radical prostatectomy, a detailed understanding of the pelvic anatomy is necessary to recognize the optimal nerve-sparing plane and t...