In recent years the immobilization of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on surfaces has proved to be one of the most attractive methods to prevent biological fouling of surfaces. We have developed a paradoxical biomimetic PEGylation strategy that exploits the adhesive characteristics of proteins secreted by marine mussels—one of nature’s most notorious foulers. Linear PEGs were coupled to peptides co...

We address a declarative construction of abstract syntax trees with Parsing Expression Grammars. AST operators (constructor, connector, and tagging) are newly defined to specify flexible AST constructions. A new challenge coming with PEGs is the consistency management of ASTs in backtracking and packrat parsing. We make the transaction AST machine in order to perform AST operations in the conte...

Parsing is an important problem in computer science and yet surprisingly little attention has been devoted to its formal verification. In this paper, we present TRX: a parser interpreter formally developed in the proof assistant Coq, capable of producing formally correct parsers. We are using parsing expression grammars (PEGs), a formalism essentially representing recursive descent parsing, whi...

Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are commonly employed as excipients in preclinical studies and in vitro experiments to dissolve poorly hydrosoluble drugs. Their use is generally considered safe in both animals and humans; however, limited data is available concerning the safety of PEGs when administered parenterally. The results of our investigation demonstrate that PEG-400 can have an irritant eff...

This article explores the relationship between the social construction of risk, uncertainty and evaluation in the field of development cooperation. It explores the assumption that risk and uncertainty are unusually high in development cooperation. Perceptions of risk and uncertainty are cultural constructs. Several authors have identified perceptions of uncertainty as one of the most important ...

We transform a CFG into a PEG in two steps. First, we transform the CFG into an Abstract PEG (A-PEG). Conceptually, an A-PEG is a PEG that operates over programs stores rather than individual variables, and whose nodes represent the basic blocks of the CFG. Figure 1(b) shows a sample A-PEG, derived from the CFG in Figure 1(a). The A-PEG captures the structure of the original CFG using θ, pass a...