The number of isoperoxidases and the intensity of certain isozymes increased with increasing periods of stratification of pear (Pyrus communis cv. Bartlett) embryos. The presence of GA(3) or kinetin during stratification enhanced the activity of certain isoperoxidases, and these enhancements were blocked in the presence of ABA which by itself had an inhibitory effect. Enhancement in isoperoxida...

Pollination is a key ecosystem service as many crops but in particular, fruits and vegetables are partially dependent on pollinating insects to produce food for human consumption. Here we assessed how pollination services are delivered at the European scale. We used this assessment to estimate the relative contribution of wild pollinators to crop production. We developed an index of relative po...

Novel, specialized systems exploiting bibionid flies, oil-collecting bees, wasps, or crepuscular settling moths as pollen vectors are added to the range of recorded pollination mechanisms in sub-Saharan Africa Iridaceae, while knowledge of the pollination of previously understudied genera such as Aristea, Bahiana, Ferraria, Hesperantha, and Tritoniopsis is expanded. The pollination of 357 speci...

this study was conducted to determine the best pollinizer for five selected pecan cultivars in southwest of iran at safiabad agricultural research center in 2014-2015. the cultivars included: 'gratex', '10j', 'wichita 6j', 'graking', 'choctaw' as pollinated cultivars (♀) and 'gratex', 'peruque', 'comanche 4m', &apos...

Pollination is the mechanical transfer of male pollen of a flower on the female stigma.This process has a fundamental role to survive the plants species.Since this process is invisible ,its importance has been ignored.Insufficient pollination can be harmful for the farmer instead of being useful.Pollination can be done via some ways.The most important ways are done by insects and wind.Pistachio...

Oryza meyeriana Baill (GG genome) is a precious germplasm in the tertiary gene pool of cultivated rice (AA genome), and possesses important traits such as resistance and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, interspecific crossability barrier, a critical bottleneck restricting genes transfer from O. meyeriana to cultivars has led to no hybrids through conventional reproduction. There...

Orchard workers in north China are highly exposed to orchard pollens, especially peach and other Rosaceae family pollens during pollination season. The aim of this study was to investigate whether occupational allergy to peach tree pollen as a member of Rosaceae family is IgE-mediated and to evaluate the cross-reactivity among Rosaceae family pollens. Allergen skin test and conjunctival challen...

ABSTRACT Fire blight of apple and pear is initiated by epiphytic populations of Erwinia amylovora on flower stigmas. Predicting this disease and managing it with microbial antagonists depends on an understanding of bacterial colonization on stigmas. Detached 'Manchurian' crab apple flowers were inoculated with E. amylovora and subjected to a range of constant temperatures or various fluctuating...