background the human leukocyte antigen (hla) system is widely used as a strategy in the search for the etiology of renal function impairment. objectives this study was carried out to detect the most common hla alleles’ distribution in kidney transplant in both donors and recipients, and clarify the association between hla alleles and renal dysfunction immediately after transplantation. patients...

An efficient, PCR based method for the selective amplification of DNA target sequences that differs by a single base pair is described. The method utilises the high affinity and specificity of PNA for their complementary nucleic acids and that PNA cannot function as primers for DNA polymerases.

with the individual protein testing capacity of the WB. The assay can be tailored to the requirements of screening or confirmatory testing as well as to the needs of specific vaccine studies. Vaccine trials could benefit greatly from a PBA that differentiates protected from infected individuals. Because large-scale vaccine studies are likely to be conducted in settings where conditions may not ...

The transplant of organs and tissues is one of the greatest curative achievements of this century. In organ transplantation, the adaptive immunity is considered the main response exerted to the transplanted tissue, since the main goal of the immune response is the MHC (major histocompatibility complex) molecules expressed on the surface of donor cells. Cell surface molecules that induce an anti...

SUMMARY HiCIAO is a new high-contrast instrument for the Subaru telescope. HiCIAO is used in conjunction with the new adaptive optics (AO) system (AO188/LGSAO188) at the Infrared Nasmyth platform. HiCIAO can combine coronagraphic techniques with conventional direct imaging, polarization differential imaging, or spectral differential imaging (DI/SDI/PDI) modes. The basic concept of simultaneous ...