The resection of broken DNA ends is required for DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by homologous recombination (HR) but can inhibit normal repair by nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), the main DSB repair pathway in G1-phase cells. Antigen receptor gene assembly proceeds through DNA DSB intermediates generated in G1-phase lymphocytes by the RAG endonuclease. These DSBs activate ATM, which phos...

Transgenic mice were generated containing a 1542-base pair fragment of the kidney androgen-regulated protein (KAP) promoter fused to the human angiotensinogen (HAGT) gene with the goal of specifically targeting inducible expression of renin-angiotensin system components to the kidney. High level expression of both KAP-HAGT and endogenous KAP mRNA was evident in the kidney of male mice from two ...

Background. Type 2 diabetes is an increasingly common condition with several preventable microvascular complications such as kidney damage. Nephropathy is expensive to manage, especially as hospital dialysis treatment. Improving patients' knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward their condition can achieve better control, delay complications, and improve their quality of life. This study ...

Pain is one of the most common reasons that drive people to go to hospitals. It has been found that several factors affect the practices of pain management. In this regard, this study aimed at investigating the underlying determinants in terms of pain management practices. Based on reviewing the previous studies and the suggestions of the KAP model, it was hypothesized that the main elements of...

Background: The assessment of doctor’s perceptions and understanding about generic medicines may help in recognizing possible barriers to greater generic medicine usage. Aims & Objective: The primary objective of this study was to explore the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of doctors toward generic medicines. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a pretes...

Proof of Theorem 4. For wa ∈ [c + ck, rck w−c ], we have the boundary equilibrium. From its definition, yb(ξ) is decreasing in wa (that is, dyb(ξ) dwa < 0) and yb(ξ) = μ + ξ + G−1( r−c−ck r ) when wa = c + ck. The total supply chain profit at the boundary equilibrium is Πtot(yb(ξ), yb(ξ), ξ) = rEmin(μ + ξ + , yb(ξ)) − (c + ck)y(ξ) from Equations (16) and (17). This function is concave and incre...

Introduction:Intravenous urography (IVU) test includes high number of images and extended imaging size. These make IVU as a diagnostic method with high absorbed doses by sensitive organs such as intestine and gonads in pelvic-abdominal area. In this study absorbed doses of pelvic-abdomen sensitive organs such as Adrenal, Bladder, Colon and Gonads in IVU test. <stron...

BACKGROUND Kidney androgen-regulated protein (KAP), a proximal tubule androgen-regulated gene, codes for a protein of unknown function. METHODS AND RESULTS To investigate the consequences of KAP overexpression in kidney, we produced KAP transgenic mice and performed microarray expression analyses in kidneys of control and transgenic males. Downregulation of the androgen-sensitive Cyp4A14 mono...

To investigate the possible role(s) of glycans in human tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) activity, the iso-enzymes were purified and treated with various exo- and endo-glycosidases. Catalytic activity, oligomerization, conformation and immunoreactivity of the modified TNAPs were evaluated. All TNAPs proved to be N-glycosylated, and only the liver isoform (LAP) is not O-glycosylat...