Genotypic analysis of Pigeon Paramyxovirus Type-1 (PPMV-1) virus, in corroboration with pathotyping, underpins the knowledge on occurrence PPMV-1 mediated Newcastle disease poultry. In present study, two isolates, namely D167 and D168, obtained from feral pigeons India year 2014 were analysed for their genotypic pathotypic characteristics. Phylogenetic Fusion (F) gene grouped D168 under sub-gen...

In Arabidopsis, several L-type lectin receptor kinases (LecRKs) have been identified as putative immune receptors. However, to date, there have been few analyses of LecRKs in crop plants. Virus-induced gene silencing of CaLecRK-S.5 verified the role of CaLecRK-S.5 in broad-spectrum resistance. Compared with control plants, CaLecRK-S.5-silenced plants showed reduced hypersensitive response, reac...

A real-time reverse-transcription PCR was developed to detect and pathotype Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) in clinical samples. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers and TaqMan probes with nonfluorescent minor groove binder (MGB) quencher amplified and hybridized to a region in the fusion protein (F) gene that corresponds to the cleavage site of the F0 precursor, which is a key determinant of NDV...

A neutralization-resistant mutant of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) Kr005 strain belonging to class II genotype VII was generated using a neutralizing monoclonal antibody and its biological effects were assessed. The mutant showed single amino acid substitution (E to K) at position 347 of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein (E347K mutant). The E347K mutant exhibited marked rounding of t...

Escherichia coli isolates (n = 300) collected from six sites in subtropical Brisbane, Australia, prior to and after storm events were tested for the presence of 11 virulence genes (VGs) specific to diarrheagenic pathotypes. The presence of eaeA, stx(1), stx(2), and ehxA genes specific for the enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) pathotype was detected in 56%, 6%, 10%, and 13% of isolates, respectiv...

Plasmopara halstedii is an obligate biotrophic oomycete causing downy mildew disease on sunflower, Helianthus annuus, an economically important oil crop. Severe symptoms of the disease (e.g., plant dwarfism, leaf bleaching, sporulation and production of infertile flower) strongly impair seed yield. Pl resistance genes conferring resistance to specific P. halstedii pathotypes were located on sun...

In this study diarrheagenic and uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains were comparatively characterized according to serotype, hemolytic activity, protein polymorphism among housekeeping enzymes, phylogenetic group and urovirulence genes. Intra-serogroup/serotype variations were observed. Hemolytic activity was detected in 100%, 93%, 67% and 39% of UPEC, EAEC, EPEC and ETEC strains, resp...

BACKGROUND The mutS-rpoS intergenic region in E. coli displays a mosaic structure which revealed pathotype specific patterns. To assess the importance of this region as a surrogate marker for the identification of highly virulent extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains we aimed to: (i) characterize the genetic diversity of the mutS gene and the o454-nlpD genomic region among 510 E. c...

approved: Richard 0. Hampton Pea seed-borne mosaic potyvirus pathotype 1 (PSbMV-P1) has the ability to infect most genotypes of Pisum sativum. The exception are those genotypes that are homozygous recessive for the sbm-1 gene. The life cycle of PSbMV pathotype 4 (PSbMV-P4) is unaffected by the sbm-1/sbm-1 genotype. Infectious clones of Pl-P4 recombinants were used to define the genomic segment ...

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a major pathogen within the poultry industry. However disease, especially in broiler chickens, may be caused by range of E. coli genotypes that carry few, if any, virulence factors associated with APEC. Furthermore, commensal E. coli in the intestines of healthy birds may carry an array of APEC virulence factors suggesting they have potential to cause...