1. General theories of plant defence often fail to account for complex interactions between the resources required for defence expression. For example, the carbon that is used for carbon-based defence is acquired using nutrient-rich photosynthetic pigments, while nutrient gain itself requires substantial carbon allocation belowground. We should therefore expect the expression of plant defence t...

The ‘pay-to-stay hypothesis’ proposes that subordinate group members help dominants in order to be tolerated in the territory. Accordingly, helpers should be punished if they are not helping sufficiently and should increase helping behaviour thereafter. We tested whether helping and social behaviours of group members of the cooperatively breeding cichlid Neolamprologus pulcher change according ...

A sublimating vicinal crystal surface can undergo a step bunching instability when the attachment-detachment kinetics is asymmetric, in the sense of a normal Ehrlich-Schwoebel effect. Here we investigate this instability in a model that takes into account the subtle interplay between sublimation and step-step interactions, which breaks the volume-conserving character of the dynamics assumed in ...

Thermodynamic and kinetic approaches for sublimation inside elastoplastic material under tensile stress are developed for large strains. Various conceptual problems related to irreversible plastic deformation are addressed for a spherical bubble. They include definitions of the thermodynamic driving forces and activation energies, nontraditional concepts of a critical nucleus, path dependence o...

Microstructure analysis of polar ice cores is vital to understand the processes controlling the flow of polar ice on the microscale. This paper presents an automatic image processing framework for extraction and parametrization of grain boundary networks from images of the NEEM deep ice core. As cross-section images are acquired using controlled surface sublimation, grain boundaries and air inc...

This paper describes a new approach, developed under the auspices of the Electro Magnetic Remote Sensing Defence Technology Centre, for reconstruction of three dimensional scene content using passive video. This gradient based scheme uses the parallax in an image sequence to estimate the distance from sensor to scene. Intensity measurements from a passive camera are combined with a rigid body m...

concerns us all, for with it may be closely bound up our future prosperity and happiness, our professional reputation, even our professional existence. I propose to draw on my experiences and give you some impressions gained from a good many years' service now, on the Council of the Medical Defence Union. Most people know, no doubt, that that is not the only society which is concerned with such...