Objectives were to evaluate the associations between residual dry matter (DM) intake (RFI) and N (RNI) in early lactation, from 1 5 wk postpartum, mid 9 15 assess production performance risk of diseases cows according RFI lactation. Data 4 experiments including 399 Holsteins used this study. Intakes DM N, yields milk components, body weight, condition evaluated daily or weekly for first 105 d p...

The annual genetic trend for milk yield of Holsteins in the United States has accelerated with time and had means of 37 kg during the 1960s, 79 kg during the 1970s, 102 kg during the 1980s, and 116 kg from 1990 to 1996. Selection programs of the dairy cattle breeding firms in the United States have become more selective and effective with time, and selection goals continue to place major emphas...

Lactation means of somatic cell scores from sample days were used to estimate the components of variation for additive genetic, permanent environmental, and herd-sire interaction effects. Data included records of 4314 Ayrshire, 7845 Brown Swiss, 18,115 Guernsey, 1,135,752 Holstein, 67,862 Jersey, and 787 Milking Shorthorn cows from across the US. Records were preadjusted for length of lactation...

Heritabilities for milk, fat, and protein yields were estimated from first lactation data used for USDA-Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) genetic evaluations. Contemporary group assignments and standard deviations within herd-year were determined with the procedure used for national evaluations. Pedigree data were included for animals born since 1970; yield data were included for cows b...

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a prominent paradigm that is considered to continue its dominance in thecomputation at deep sub-micron regime in nanotechnology. The QCA realizations of five-input Majority Voter based multilevel parity generator circuits have been introduced in recent years. However, no attention has been paid towards the QCA instantiation of the generic (n-bit) even and ...

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a prominent paradigm that is considered to continue its dominance in thecomputation at deep sub-micron regime in nanotechnology. The QCA realizations of five-input Majority Voter based multilevel parity generator circuits have been introduced in recent years. However, no attention has been paid towards the QCA instantiation of the generic (n-bit) even and ...

the present study aimed to estimate the effects of parity, calving season and year of calving on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in holstein cows. a total of 2682 records from 869 holstein cows in a large dairy farm (azarbaijan province, iran), respecting the period from 2006 to 2009, were collected. data was analyzed using proc mixed of sas software by mivque method. subclinical mastiti...

Environmental effects on fertility measures early in lactation, such as the interval from calving to first luteal activity (CLA), proportion of samples with luteal activity during the first 60 days after calving (PLA) and interval to first ovulatory oestrus (OOE) were studied. In addition, traditional measurements of fertility, such as pregnancy to first insemination, number of inseminations pe...