Previous studies have shown that the extract of Papaver rhoeas reduces morphine dependence, locomotor activity and reward. In present study, the effects of hydro-alcohol extract of Papaver Rhoeas on the tolerance to analgesic effects of morphine in mice have been investigated using tail flick method. Subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of morphine (1, 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg) induced analgesia. Howeve...

In a new study, the Papaver rhoeas (poppy family) self-incompatibility system has been transferred into Arabidopsis thaliana, a distantly related plant with a very different floral structure. The simple poppy self-incompatibility system may finally make it possible to introduce this potentially valuable trait into any plant.

IN the January, 1872, number of the Indian Medical Gazette is an article on "Opium," written by Dr. Moore, wherein that gentleman states that, from personal observation, he arrives at the conclusion, " that opium-eating when moderately indulged in?as it generally is?produces no decided or even appreciable ill effect." Moreover, that the use of opium, under certain circumstances, is beneficial. ...

are familiar, indeed, with these effects, but there is something very remarkable in them. That ease should be procured by the juice of a poppy! that the wonderful mind should be influenced by a cause so apparently insignificant I The great John Hunter exclaimed, Thank God for opium! and it is an undoubted blessing that the Creator should have permitted such an antidote to the sufferings ot mank...

This paper examines the recent growth of the opium economy in North Eastern Afghanistan. A detailed analysis of one village in Badakshan Province reveals profound changes in the local economy and social institutions. The paper describes two major shifts in the local economy (1) the switch from wheat to poppy cultivation (2) the shift from the livestock trade to the opium trade. It then examines...

We have previously demonstrated that increases in cytosolic free Ca2+ are triggered by the self-incompatibility (SI) response in incompatible Papaver rhoeas (the field poppy) pollen. However, one key question that has not been answered is whether extracellular Ca2+ may be involved. To address this question, we have used an ion-selective vibrating probe to measure changes in extracellular Ca2+ f...