background: cervical cancer is the most common malignancy among women. unlike most cancers, cervical cancer is avoidable the early detection of this cancer is done by a test called pap smear. most cases of this cancer are found among women who haven't done this test. the aim of this study is to examine   effect of educational program based on hbm model on the practice of women about pap smear. ...

Objective: To determine the accuracy of visual inspection with acetic acid in comparison with Pap smear against colposcopic directed biopsy, for detection of pre-cancerous lesion. Methods: The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the Maternal and Child Health Centre (MCHC), Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, from January to December 2010. Every married women...

Papanicolaou test or better known as Pap test is the most popular and effective screening test for cervical cancer. At time, however, the detection of abnormal or cancerous cervical cells can be missed due to technical and human errors. In certain cases, the Pap smear images are blurred and highly affected by unwanted noises. These factors can hide and obscure the important cervical cells morph...

BACKGROUND Abnormal Pap smear consists of premalignant or malignant cervical lesions. Many of premalignant cervical lesions will never progress to invasive malignancy, or even may regress over the time. Thus, there is always a risk of overtreatment of patients with an abnormal Pap smear. A long-term follow-up of these patients can reveal final events associated with each subtype of abnormal Pap...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to assess the extent of knowledge, attitudes and practical behavior of women in Bojnourd conerning the Pap smear test. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional and population-based study was conducted with 1000 Iranian women aged 15-60 years old in Bojnourd city. In order to collect the data, a validated questionnaire was provided in four sections coverin...

Introduction: Cervical cancer is a huge emotional and financial burden on society. To curb the disease, there is a need to develop a screening test that has good sensitivity and specificity. The present study is aimed to compare the effectiveness of the Pap smear, Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) for mass screening of premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. Aims and objectives...

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women in developing countries. A key factor linked to the relatively high levels of cervical cancer in these populations is the lack of awareness and access to preventive methods. This study aimed to determine the level of awareness of cervical cancer and Papanicolaou test (Pap smear test) and factors associated with the utilization of Pap t...

OBJECTIVE Due to the low sensitivity of Pap smear, premalignant lesions of the cervix can be missed in women with inflammatory Pap smears. However, it is not practically possible to subject all women with inflammatory Pap smear to colposcopy. This study was carried out with the aim to evaluate whether women with persistent inflammation on Pap smear need further evaluation with colposcopy. MAT...