The Pole-Equator-Pole (PEP) projects of the PANASH (Paleoclimates of the Northern and Southern Hemisphere) programme have significantly advanced our understanding of past climate change on a global basis and helped to integrate paleo-science across regions and research disciplines. PANASH science allows us to constrain predictions for future climate change and to contribute to the management of...

Motivation Climate change plays an important role in the generation and maintenance of biodiversity by driving processes such as diversification range shifts. As a result, patterns are often found to carry imprints palaeoclimatic changes. However, we still know little about spatial temporal variation climate over scale millennia affecting eco-evolutionary dynamics, mostly because scarcity user-...

Geographic gradients in body size within and among living species are commonly used to identify controls on the long-term evolution of organism size. However, the persistence of these gradients over evolutionary time remains largely unknown because ancient biogeographic variation in organism size is poorly documented. Middle Permian fusulinoidean foraminifera are ideal for investigating the tem...

The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is a remarkable climatic and environmental event that occurred 56 Ma ago and has importance for understanding possible future climate change. The Paleocene-Eocene transition is marked by a rapid temperature rise contemporaneous with a large negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Both the temperature and the isotopic excursion are well-documented by ...

Approximately half of the world's population lives in the tropics, and future changes in the hydrological cycle will impact not just the freshwater supplies but also energy production in areas dependent upon hydroelectric power. It is vital that we understand the mechanisms/processes that affect tropical precipitation and the eventual surface hydrological response to better assess projected fut...

Using some new processing of the multichannel sonic (MCS) log data from Site 418A, the resulting P, S, and Stoneley wave velocity estimates and apparent attenuation were integrated with the natural gamma, spectral gamma, resistivity, neutron, density, and caliper logs and core lithology information for interpretation of lithologic cycles and possible paleo fluid flow intervals. These data indic...

Abstract Paleotemperature reconstructions from ice cores are mixed signals of changes in climate and ice‐surface elevation. A common, temperature‐based paleoaltimetry method suggests these can be disentangled by comparing two proxy locations with similar climates. The difference between the records is assumed to due elevation, which estimated scaling temperature a lapse rate. We investigate unc...

Early Earth processes are typically identified through the study of mineralogical, elemental and isotopic features in the rock record, including Precambrian banded iron formations (BIF). However, postdepositional processes often obscure the primary geochemical signals, making the use of BIF as proxies for paleo-seawater and the paleo-biosphere potentially imprecise. Thus, alternative approaches...

Knowledge of paleo-redox conditions in the Earth's history provides a window into events that shaped the evolution of life on our planet. The role of microbial activity in paleo-redox processes remains unexplored due to the inability to discriminate biotic from abiotic redox transformations in the rock record. The ability to deconvolute these two processes would provide a means to identify envi...

Although various scalable deep learning software packages have been proposed, it remains unclear how to best leverage parallel and distributed computing infrastructure to accelerate their training and deployment. Moreover, the effectiveness of existing parallel and distributed systems varies widely based on the neural network architecture and dataset under consideration. In order to efficiently...