PURPOSE To determine if respiratory and laryngeal function during spontaneous speaking were different for teachers with voice disorders compared with teachers without voice problems. METHOD Eighteen teachers, 9 with and 9 without voice disorders, were included in this study. Respiratory function was measured with magnetometry, and laryngeal function was measured with electroglottography durin...

Among the most innovative features of the TOEFL® Internet-based test (TOEFL iBT) are the addition of a speaking measure and a revised writing measure consisting of two writing tasks. The speaking and writing measures include both independent and integrated tasks. Independent tasks require test takers to talk or write about their personal opinions or experiences. Integrated tasks require the use...

This study investigates the effect of homogeneous and heterogeneous peer interaction on the development of Iranian EFL learners’ writing skill. Sixty female students of TEFL participated in the study. The participants were divided into two groups based on their English proficiency test scores. The homogeneous group consisted of 14 participants paired with partners with similar English proficien...

Abstract The current study examined the extent to which cognitive fluency (CF) contributes utterance (UF) at level of constructs. A total 128 Japanese-speaking learners English completed four speaking tasks—argumentative task, picture narrative reading-to-speaking and reading-while-listening-to-speaking task—and a battery linguistic knowledge tests, capturing vocabulary size, lexical retrieval ...

Researchers have extensively studied phenomena that affect a second language learner’s oral production while there is scant evidence about input-related factors. Accordingly, the present study sought to investigate how variation in oral production is caused by the input they receive from different course materials. To this end, the study included a micro-evaluation study of three course materia...

Traditional assessments of public speaking skills rely on human scoring. We report a n initial study on the development of an automated scoring model for public speaking performances using multimodal technologies. Task design, rubric development, and human rating were conducted according to standards in educational assessment. An initial corpus of 17 speakers with four speaking tasks was collec...

EEGs of extensively screened dyslexics and normal rcadcrs were recorded while they read easy and difficult texts silently and orally, and during two other verbal tasks which also differed in overt spcaking but had m~ reading component: narrative speaking and listening to a story. Mid-temporal, central and parietal leads were referenced to linkcd ears and to ('z. Largc differences bctwecn tasks ...

while learners’ ability to speak academic language develops over time in content-based programs, the development of their nonacademic language appears to lag behind. students’ speaking in content-based (cb) classrooms is confined to an academic discourse style. in the researchers’ point of view, the gap of less amount of nonacademic speaking can be bridged by the application of the conceptual f...