BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and/or discomfort. Probiotics have been reported to benefit IBS symptoms but the level of benefit remains quite unclear. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to assess the benefit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae I-3856 on IBS symptoms. METHODS A randomized, double bl...

INTRODUCTION In this study, we evaluated the clinical usefulness of miniscrews as orthodontic anchorage. We examined their success rates, analyzed factors associated with their stability, and evaluated patients' postoperative pain and discomfort with a retrospective questionnaire. METHODS Seventy-five patients, 116 titanium screws of 2 types, and 38 miniplates were retrospectively examined. E...

PURPOSE To evaluate patient comfort with outpatient orbital surgery. DESIGN Prospective, non-randomized study. METHODS The experience of 34 consecutive outpatient orbital procedures in 30 patients was evaluated. The data obtained included subjective postoperative pain and discomfort at 3 time intervals (immediate, postoperative day 1 and 1 week) using a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS). P...

BACKGROUND Although upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy is highly sensitive for the detection of esophago-gastroduodenal lesions, pain and discomfort during the procedure cause examinees to experience stress and anxiety. Moreover, there have been only a few studies on relief of pain and discomfort during UGI endoscopy through preparatory interventions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to...

This research qualitatively analyzed the contents of national and international scientific publications, indexed in the period from 1999 to 2005, about low back pain in gestation. Around 50 % of pregnant women complain about low back pain. The physiologic modifications that occur happen in pregnancy alter the posture of pregnant women and the largest incidence of low back pain usually happens i...

[Purpose] This study sought to examine the effects of position change on lumbar pain and discomfort of Korean patients after invasive percutaneous coronary intervention. [Subjects and Methods] The participants consisted of 48 patients (experimental: n=24, control: n=24) who underwent invasive coronary intervention (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) in K hospital, Seoul, Korea. A randomized co...

PURPOSE To evaluate whether fibrin glue causes less postoperative pain, discomfort and work inaptitude in conjunctival closure following 20 gauge pars plana vitrectomy than sutures. DESIGN Retrospective study. METHODS A questionnaire was sent in 2006 to 506 patients who underwent 20 gauge pars plana vitrectomy in 2004 at the University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium. Patients were asked about th...