Tour guide plays an important role for achieving the overall service quality of a tourism supply chain. The service quality of tour guide can be improved by promoting service effort & service ability that are asymmetric information to travel agency. Two types of incentive contracts are commonly used by travel agency to motivate tour guide improving the service quality. These are a pooling contr...

School education today aims at improving the integration of school and professional life. A popular way to provide first hand experiences to students are guided factory tours. Companies are highly interested in establishing contacts to school classes, but guided tours to factories are subject to constraints on both sides. For schools, they require organizational effort, are not easy to integrat...

Recent developments in computer reservation systems and associated new trading patterns may bring about important changes to the (West) European travel and tourism industry in general and the tour operator business in particular. The new trading forms are deriving from the establishment of electronic market systems, for example, as a result of the merging of global airline reservation systems w...

Users tend to have varying preferences regarding multimodal access representations. The number of alternatives provided by paper-based media is inherently limited. Adaptive hypertext applications do not share this limitation. This paper classifies them into three categories of information, and their corresponding interface representation: Content of documents, primary navigational system compri...

This paper defines the Stochastic Eulerian Tour Problem (SETP) and investigates several characteristics of this problem. Given an undirected Eulerian graph , a subset =) of the edges in E that require service, and a probability distribution for the number of edges in R that have to be visited in any given instance of the graph, the SETP seeks an a priori Eulerian tour of minimum expected length...

Traditional tour route planning mostly depends on the planner’s experience. However, whether tour route planning is appropriate or not has a considerable impact on the time and cost of the tour. Good planning can save unnecessary waiting time, avoid wasted operating costs, and contribute to the enhancement of the quality of tourism. Therefore, this study applied the ant colony optimization algo...

Touring is a popular but time-consuming activity, due to the need to identify interesting attractions or Places-of-Interest (POIs) and structure these POIs in the form of a timeconstrained tour itinerary. To solve this challenge, we propose the Personalized Tour Recommendation and Planning (PersTour) system. The PersTour system is able to plan for a customized tour itinerary where the recommend...

The paper discusses the disk covering tour problem for reducing the mobile devices’ mobile electricity costs consumed in the wireless sensor network. The DCTP discusses how to find a tour whose cost is the minimum under the condition of the defined initial points and some planar points. The tour starts from the initial stop point. After passing many stop points, the tour returns to the initial ...