One-step electrodeposition of crystalline zinc oxide thin films on Molybdenum/glass substrates in a low-cost ionic liquid, Reline composed of urea and choline chloride, is presented. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy shows the thin films have wurtzite structure. Raman microspectroscopy indicates a slight oxygen deficit in the film. Both X-ray energy dispersion and X-ray photonelectron spectroscopy...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Oxidative stress is known to be involved in ischemic stroke. Intense interest is drawn to the therapeutic potential of Chinese herbs on ischemic stroke because many of them contain antioxidant properties. Leonurine, 1 of the active compounds from purified Herba Leonuri, was studied to evaluate its possible therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke. Method-Middle cerebral art...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of muscle glycogen depletion and subsequent replenishment on anaerobic capacity of horses. In a blinded crossover study, seven fit horses performed glycogen-depleting exercise on two occasions. Horses were infused after glycogen-depleting exercise with either 6 g/kg body wt of glucose as a 13.5% solution in 0.9% NaCl (Glu) or with 0.9% NaCl ...

The purpose of this study was to determine if chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is associated with reduced blood flow and oxidative delivery to skeletal muscle. Patients with CFS according to CDC (Center for Disease Control) criteria ( n =19) were compared with normal sedentary subjects ( n =11). Muscle blood flow was measured with Doppler ultrasound after cuff ischaemia and exercise. Muscle oxyge...

Hepatocytes from ethanol-fed animals, isolated from either whole liver or the periportal or perivenous regions of the lobule, exhibited an ethanol-related decrease in energy state only when they were oxygen deficient. This was accompanied by an ethanol-related decrease in hepatocyte viability. Both periportal and perivenous hepatocytes from ethanol-fed rats demonstrated increased respiration. T...

For brain metabolism, energy is derived from circulatory provision of oxygen and glucose. Surgery, anaesthesia, peri-operative stresses or other etiological factors can lead to decrease in oxygen supply leading to ischemia, with consequent interruption of metabolic process. This Ischemia stimulates active responses in the brain, which may persist long after substrate delivery has been restored....

The aim was to verify the validity (i.e., study A) and reliability (i.e., study B) of the alternative maximal accumulated oxygen deficit determined using onlya supramaximal effort (MAODALT)to estimate anaerobic capacity [i.e., estimated by the gold standard maximal accumulated oxygen deficit method (MAOD)] during cycling. In study A, the effects of supramaximal intensities on MAODALT and the co...

In recent years there has been considerable interest in the effects of locomotor activity on respiratory gas exchange and acid-base balance in the Crustacea (reviewed by Herreid, 1981; McMahon, 1981; McMahon & Wilkens, 1983). However, the partitioning of energy metabolism between aerobic and anaerobic pathways during crustacean locomotion is still poorly understood (Herreid, 1981; Full & Herrei...

Objective: To review the available endpoints of shock resuscitation, including traditional perfusion parameters, oxygen-transport variables, lactate, base deficit (BD), venous oxygen saturation, and gastric mucosal pH, and to discuss the currently accepted methods of assessing successful reversal of oxygen (O2) debt in shock patients. Human-based studies: Early goal-directed therapy has unequiv...

Long-term trends in the rate of depletion of hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen (DO) are documented for ionically enriched hypereutrophic Onondaga Lake, New York, for the 1978–2002 interval. Depletion rates, represented as areal hypolimnetic oxygen deficits (AHOD, g m22 d21), are calculated on the basis of weekly DO profiles of 1-m resolution and estimates of coincident inputs of DO from overlying l...