background: knowing the rate of overlapping in results obtained from information retrieval tools is important to prevent waste of time. medical and health-related information has an outstanding place among the variety of information available on the internet. hence, this research aimed to study the rate of overlap among medical search results derived from mesh (medical subject headings) in gene...

Overlap in markup occurs where some markup structures do not nest, such as where the structural division of the text into lists, sections, etc., differs from the syntactic division of the text into sentences and phrases. The Multiple Annotation solution to this problem (redundant encoding in multiple forms) has many advantages: it is based on XML, the modeling of alternative annotations is poss...

Let L be a non empty loop structure. We say that L is add-left-cancelable if and only if: (Def. 1) For all elements a, b, c of L such that a + b = a + c holds b = c. We say that L is add-right-cancelable if and only if: (Def. 2) For all elements a, b, c of L such that b + a = c + a holds b = c. We say that L is add-cancelable if and only if: (Def. 3) For all elements a, b, c of L holds if a + b...

A hallmark of optimal decision making is that cues are weighted by their reliability. Previous studies have reported evidence for reliability weighting in several human perceptual decision-making tasks in which sensory noise was the only possible source of errors. Here we use a target detection task to test whether optimality generalizes to situations where stimulus ambiguity is an additional s...

in order to determine the effect of valsalva maneuver and head rotation on the internal jugular vein (ijv) diameter and cross-sectional area and overlap with the carotid artery (ca) and find the best technique for safe cannulation of the ijv and decrease the risk of ca puncture, the diameter of both the ijv and the ca and percentage of overlap between the two vessels and cross-sectional area of...