from applied linguistic point of view, the fundamental question facing the language teachers, methodologists and course designers is which procedure is more effective in fl/sl: learning to use or using to learn? definitely, in order to be a competent language user, knowledge of language system is necessary, but it is not sufficient to be a successful language user. that is why there was a gradu...

This paper reviews general guidelines on user interface design for self service and public information kiosk systems, based on the author’s research and existing literature. The guidelines are divided into: defining user requirements, location and encouraging use, physical access, introduction and instruction, language selection, privacy, help, input, output, structure and navigation, and custo...

Abstract This study explores the effects of instruction on acquisition motion event construal among learners English as a second language. The challenge for with Verb-framed first languages is that they need to ‘unlearn’ boundary-crossing constraint and conflate manner in main verb, she ran into bank , however, there little research how this domain can be taught. We evaluate performance story-t...

The principles of instance based function learning are presented. In IBFL one is given a set of positive examples of a functional predicate. These examples are true ground facts that illustrate the input output behaviour of the predicate. The purpose is then to predict the output of the predicate given a new input. Further assumptions are that there is no background theory and that the inputs a...

The Instruction-Set Extensions problem has been one of the major topic in the last years and it consists of the addition of a set of new complex instructions to a given Instruction-Set. This problem in its general formulation requires an exhaustive search of the design space to identify the candidate instructions. This search turns into an exponential complexity of the solution. In this paper w...

l2 research has shown that instruction in l2 pragmatics is necessary. the current study evaluated the impact of explicit instruction on efl learner's awareness and production of three speech acts of request, apology, and complaint. it also probed whether learners’ language proficiency plays any role in incorporating pragmatic instruction into the l2 classroom. iranian undergraduate student...

abstractthe present study explores the impact of corpus-based collocation instruction on intermediate iranian efl learners' writing ability. for this study, 84 iranian learners, studying english as a foreign language in bayan institute, iran, were selected and were randomly divided into two groups, experimental and control. conventional methods of writing instruction were taught to the control ...

A two-bit arithmetic logic unit (ALU) was successfully fabricated on a GaAs-based regular nanowire network with hexagonal topology. This fundamental building block of central processing units can be implemented on a regular nanowire network structure with simple circuit architecture based on graphical representation of logic functions using a binary decision diagram and topology control of the ...